Skip to main content

Comets 9P/Tempel 1, 1P/Halley, 19P /Borrelly, and 81P/Wild 2

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 647 Accesses

Part of the book series: Astronomers' Observing Guides ((OBSERVING))

Abstarct

In this chapter, comets 9P/Tempel 1, 1P/Halley, 19P/Borrelly and 81P/Wild 2 are described in detail. These analyses are possible because we have sent spacecraft to each of them. Furthermore, both professional and amateur astronomers have observed them during several of their apparitions. Finally, humans have witnessed every return of Comet 1P/Halley since 239 BC.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   34.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Allen MM, Delitsky W, Huntress Y et al (1987) ‘Evidence for methane and ammonia in the coma of Comet P/Halley,’ Astronomy and Astrophysics 187: 502–512.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Balsiger H, Altwegg K, Bühler F et al (1986) ‘Ion composition and dynamics at comet Halley,’ Nature 321: 330–334.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Bensch F, Melnick GJ, Neufeld DA et al (2007) ‘Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite observations of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 and Deep Impact,’ Icarus 191: 267–275.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Brandt JC, Niedner MB Jr, Rahe J (1992) The International Halley Watch Atlas of Large-Scale Phenomena, Johnson Printing Co., Boulder, CO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buratti BJ, Hicks MD, Soderblom LA et al (2004) ‘Deep Space 1 photometry of the nucleus of Comet 19P/Borrelly,’ Icarus 167: 16–29.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Combes M, Moroz VI, Crovisier J et al (1988) ‘The 2.5–12 μm spectrum of comet Halley from the IKS–VEGA experiment,’ Icarus 76: 404–436.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Crovisier J, Encrenaz T (2000) Comet Science: The Study of Remnants form the Birth of the Solar System (Translated by S Lyle), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidsson BJR, Gutiérrez PJ (2004) ‘Estimating the nucleus density of Comet 19P/Borrelly,’ Icarus 168: 392–408.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Davidsson BJR, Gutiérrez PJ (2006) ‘Non-gravitational force modeling of Comet 81P/Wild 2 I. A nucleus bulk density estimate,’ Icarus 180: 224–242.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernández YR, Lisse CM, Kelley MS et al (2007a) ‘Near-infrared light curve of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 during Deep Impact,’ Icarus 191: 424–431.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferrín I (2007) ‘Secular light curve of Comet 9P/Tempel 1,’ Icarus 191: 567–572.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fink U (2009) ‘A taxonomic survey of comet composition 1985–2004 using CCD ­spectroscopy,’ Icarus 201: 311–334.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fix JD (2008) Astronomy: Journey to the Cosmic Frontier, 5th edn, McGraw Hill Higher Education, Boston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Green DWE, Morris CS (1987) ‘The visual brightness behavior of P/Halley during 1981–1987,’ Astronomy and Astrophysics 187: 560–568.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hergenrother CW, Mueller BEA, Campins H et al (2007) ‘R- and J-band photometry of Comets 2P/Encke and 9P/Tempel 1,’ Icarus 191: 45–50.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Howington-Kraus E, Kirk RL, Duxbury TC et al (2005) ‘Topography of the 81P/Wild 2 nucleus from Stardust stereoimages,’ Asia-Oceania Geosciences Society 2nd Annual Meeting, Singapore, Poster presentation 58-PS-A0956.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller HU, Arpigny C, Barbieri C et al (1986) ‘First Halley multicolour camera imaging results from Giotto,’ Nature 321: 320–326.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kissel J, Brownlee DE, Büchler K et al (1986a) ‘Composition of comet Halley dust particles from Giotto observations,’ Nature 321: 336–337.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Korth A, Richter AK, Loidl A et al (1986) ‘Mass spectra of heavy ions near comet Halley,’ Nature 321: 335–336.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Krankowsky D, Lämmerzahl P, Herrwerth I et al (1986) ‘In situ gas and ion measurements at comet Halley,’ Nature 321: 326–329.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Kronk GW (1999) Cometography: A Catalog of Comets, Volume 1: Ancient-1799, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kronk GW (2007) Cometography: A Catalog of Comets, Volume 3: 1900–1932, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lamy P, Toth I (2009) ‘The colors of cometary nuclei – Comparison with other primitive bodies of the Solar System and implications for their origin,’ Icarus 201: 674–713.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamy PL, Toth I, A’Hearn MF et al (2007a) ‘Hubble Space Telescope observations of the nucleus of Comet 9P/Tempel 1,’ Icarus 191: 4–10.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamy PL, Toth I, A’Hearn MF et al (2007b) ‘Rotational state of the nucleus of Comet 9P/Tempel 1: Results from Hubble Space Telescope observations in 2004,’ Icarus 191: 310–321.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamy PL, Toth I, Weaver HA (1998) ‘Hubble Space Telescope observations of the nucleus and inner coma of Comet 19P/1904 Y2 (Borrelly),’ Astronomy and Astrophysics 337: 945–954.

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Li JY, A’Hearn MF, Belton MJS et al (2007) ‘Deep Impact photometry of Comet 9P/Tempel 1,’ Icarus 191: 161–175.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Magee-Sauer K, Scherb F, Roesler FL et al (1989) ‘Fabry-Perot observations of NH2 emission from comet Halley,’ Icarus 82: 50–60.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Merényi E, Földy L, Szegő K et al (1990) ‘The landscape of comet Halley,’ Icarus 86: 9–20.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Moreels G, Gogoshev M, Krasnopolsky VA et al (1986) ‘Near-ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry of comet Halley from Vega 2,’ Nature 321: 271–273.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Peale SJ (1989) ‘On the density of Halley’s comet,’ Icarus 82: 36–49.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson JE, Melosh HJ, Lisse CM et al (2007) ‘A ballistics analysis of the Deep Impact ejecta plume: Determining Comet Tempel 1’s gravity, mass and density,’ Icarus 191: 176–209.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sagdeev RZ, Blamont J, Galeev AA et al (1986a) ‘Vega spacecraft encounters with comet Halley,’ Nature 321: 259–262.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Schleicher DG, Woodney LM, Millis RL (2003) ‘Comet 19P/Borrelly at multiple apparitions: seasonal variations in gas production and dust morphology,’ Icarus 162: 415–442.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sekanina Z, Brownlee DE, Economou TE et al (2004) ‘Modeling the nucleus and jets of Comet 81P/Wild 2 based on the Stardust encounter data,’ Science 304: 1769–1774.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Richard Schmude .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schmude, R. (2010). Comets 9P/Tempel 1, 1P/Halley, 19P /Borrelly, and 81P/Wild 2. In: Comets and How to Observe Them. Astronomers' Observing Guides. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5790-0_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5790-0_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-5789-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-5790-0

  • eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics