Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Effects of Meditation and Yoga on Cardiovascular Disease

  • Chapter
Stress Proof the Heart

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is a chronic illness with physiological, behavioral, and psychosocial components implicated in the etiology and course of the disorder. Given its multifaceted nature, management of cardiovascular disease needs to be multidimensional and include attention to all risk factors. Research has indicated that modification of one risk factor (e.g., diet) does not lead to automatic benefits to other risk factors (e.g., exercise) (Prochaska, Nigg, Spring, Velicer, & Prochaska, 2010). Hence, attention needs to be focused simultaneously on both physiological and psychological components. For example, medical regimens need to be augmented by lifestyle changes that include diet and exercise. Psychosocial variables such as depression, hostility, and stress also play a key role in morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular disease and need to be independently managed. An explicit focus on techniques that involve concurrent physiological and psychological interventions makes mind-body therapies effective and appealing in dealing with cardiovascular disorders. Mind-body medicine is the most widely used domain of complementary and alternative medicine among the US population for treatment of medical conditions (NIH, 2004). Examples of mind-body medicine include meditation, yoga, relaxation, visual imagery, biofeedback, qigong, cognitive-behavioral therapies, support groups, tai chi, and spirituality. This chapter will focus on the most widely studied and used interventions, specifically, yoga and meditation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Agarwal, V., & Gupta, B. (2006). Physiological effects of transcendental meditation and physical exercise. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 5(2), 181–184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baer, R. (2003). Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: A conceptual and empirical review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10(2), 125–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes, V. A., Davis, H. C., Murzynowski, J. B., & Treiber, F. A. (2004). Impact of meditation on resting and ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate in youth. Psychosomatic Medicine, 66(6), 909–914.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes, V. A., Johnson, M. H., & Treiber, F. A. (2004). Impact of transcendental meditation on ambulatory blood pressure in African American adolescents. American Journal of Hypertension, 17(4), 366–369.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes, V. A., Treiber, F. A., & Davis, H. (2001). Impact of transcendental meditation on cardiovascular function at rest and during acute stress in adolescents with high normal blood pressure. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 51, 597–605.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes, V. A., Treiber, F. A., & Johnson, M. H. (2004). Impact of stress reduction on ambulatory blood pressure in African-American adolescents. American Journal of Hypertension, 17(4), 366–369.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bharshankar, J. R., Bharshankar, R. N., Deshpande, V. N., Kaore, S. B., & Gosavi, G. B. (2003). Effect of yoga on cardiovascular system in subjects above 40 years. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 47, 202–206.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bijlani, R. L., Vempati, R. P., Yadav, R. K., Ray, R. B., Gupta, V., Sharma, R., et al. (2005). A brief but comprehensive lifestyle education program based on yoga reduces risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 11(2), 267–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowman, A. J., Clayton, R. H., Murray, A., Reed, J. W., Subhan, M. M. F., & Ford, G. A. (1997). Effects of aerobic exercise training and yoga on the baroreflex in healthy elderly persons. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 27, 443–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cade, W. T., Reeds, D. N., Mondy, K. E., Overton, E. T., Grassimo, J., Tucker, S., et al. (2010). Yoga lifestyle intervention reduces blood pressure in HIV-infected adults with cardiovascular disease risk factors. HIV Medicine, 11(6), 379–388.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, L. E., & Garland, S. (2005). Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on sleep quality in cancer patients. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 12(4), 278–285.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, L. E., Speca, M., Patel, K., & Goodey, E. (2003). Mindfulness-based stress reduction in relation to quality of life, mood, symptoms of stress, and immune parameters in breast and prostate cancer outpatients. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65, 571–581.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, L. E., Speca, M., Patel, K., & Goodey, E. (2004). Mindfulness-based stress reduction in relation to quality of life, mood, symptoms of stress and levels of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and melatonin in breast and prostate cancer outpatients. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 29, 448–474.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, L. E., Ursuliak, Z., Goodey, E., Angen, M., & Speca, M. (2001). The effects of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program on mood and symptoms of stress in cancer outpatients: Six-month follow-up. Supportive Care in Cancer, 9(2), 112–123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, B. H., Hendricks, A., Zhao, Y., Rothendler, J. A., Locastro, J. S., & Slawsky, M. T. (2005). A relaxation response randomized trial on patients with chronic heart failure. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, 25, 149–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, D. L., Bloedon, L. T., Rothman, R. L., Farrar, J. T., Galantino, M. L., Volger, S., et al. (2009). Iyengar yoga versus enhanced usual care on blood pressure in patients with prehypertension to stage I hypertension: A randomized controlled trial. Evidence Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (Epub ahead of print).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, B. E., Chang, A., Grady, D., & Kanaya, A. M. (2008). Restorative yoga in adults with metabolic syndrome: A randomized, controlled pilot trial. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, 6(3), 223–229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ditto, B., Eclache, M., & Goldman, N. (2006). Short-term autonomic and cardiovascular effects of mindfulness body scan meditation. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 32(3), 227–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fields, J. Z., Walton, K. G., Schneider, R. H., Nidich, S., Pomerantz, R., Suchdev, P., et al. (2002). Effect of a multimodality natural medicine program on carotid atherosclerosis in older subjects: A pilot trial of maharishi vedic medicine. The American Journal of Cardiology, 89, 952–958.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Figuedero, V. M. (2009). The time has come for physicians to take notice: The impact of psychosocial stressors on the heart. The American Journal of Medicine, 122, 704–712.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frasure-Smith, N., & Lesperance, F. (2007). Depression and heart disease. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 74(1), 63–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez, C. A. (1997). Dietary patterns in Europe–preliminary results of dietary habits in the EPIC Study. European prospective investigation on cancer and nutrition. European Journal of Cancer Prevention, 6(2), 125–126.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin, R. D., Davidson, K. W., & Keyes, K. (2009). Mental disorders and cardiovascular disease among adults in the United States. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43(3), 239–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harinath, K., Malhotra, A. S., Pal, K., Prasad, R., Kumar, R., Kain, T. C., et al. (2004). Effects of hatha yoga and omkar meditation on cardiorespiratory performance, psychologic profile, and melatonin secretion. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 10(2), 261–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experimental approach to behavior change. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Innes, K. E., Vincent, H. K., & Taylor, A. G. (2007). Chronic stress and insulin resistance- related indices of cardiovascular disease risk, part 2: A potential role for mind-body therapies. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 13(5), 44–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jain, S., Shapiro, S. L., Swanick, S., Roesch, S. C., Mills, P. J., Bell, I., & Schwartz, G. E. (2007). A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness meditation versus relaxation training: Effects on distress, positive stress of mind, rumination, and distraction. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 33(1), 11–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Javnbakht, M., Hejazi Kenari, R., & Ghasemi, M. (2009). Effects of yoga on depression and anxiety of women. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 15, 102–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jayadevappa, R., Johnson, J. C., Bloom, B. S., Nidich, S., Desai, S., Chhatre, S., et al. (2007). Effectiveness of transcendental meditation on functional capacity and quality of life of African-Americans with congestive heart failure: A randomized control study. Ethnic Disparities, 17(1), 72–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jayasinghe, S. (2004). Yoga in cardiac health (a review). European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, 11(5), 369–375. Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. New York: Bantam Dell.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kabat-Zinn, J., Lipworth, L., & Burney, R. (1985). The clinical use of mindfulness meditation for the self-regulation of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 8(2), 163–190. Kabat-Zinn, J., Massion, A. O., Kristeller, J., Peterson, L. G., Fletcher, K., Pbert, L., Linderking, W., & Santorelli, S. F. (1992). Effectiveness of a meditation-based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 936–943.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamei, T., Toriumi, Y., Kimura, H., Ohno, S., Kumano, H., & Kimura, K. (2000). Decrease in serum cortisol during yoga exercise is correlated with alpha wave activation. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 90(3, pt 1), 1027–1032.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Konar, D., Latha, R., & Bhuvaneswaran, J. S. (2000). Cardiovascular responses to head-down- body-up postural exercise (Sarvangasana). Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 44(4), 392–400.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kubota, Y., Sato, W., Toichi, M., Murai, T., Okada, T., & Hayashi, A. (2001). Frontal midline theta rhythm is correlated with cardiac autonomic activities during the performance of an attention demanding meditation procedure. Cognitive Brain Research, 11, 281–287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LaForge, R. (1997). Mind-body fitness; encouraging prospects for primary and secondary prevention. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 11(3), 53–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lazar, S. W., Bush, G., Gollub, R. L., Fricchione, G. L., Khalsa, G., & Benson, H. (2000). Functional brain mapping of the relaxation response and meditation. Autonomic Nervous System, 11(7), 1581–1585.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lett, H. S., Blumenthal, J. A., Babyak, M. A., Sherwood, A., Strauman, T., Robins, C., & Newman, M. F. (2004). Depression as a risk factor for coronary artery disease: Evidence, mechanisms, and treatment. Psychosomatic Medicine, 66, 305–315.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leung, Y. W., Tamim, H., Stewart, D. E., Arthur, H. M., & Grace, S. L. (2008). The prevalence and correlates of mind-body therapy practices in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 16, 254–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linehan, M. M. (1993a). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linehan, M. M. (1993b). Skills training manual for treating borderline personality disorder. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lutz, A., Greischar, L. L., Rawlings, N. B., Ricard, M., & Davidson, R. J. (2004). Long-term meditators self-induce high-amplitude gamma synchrony during mental practice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101(46), 16369–16373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manchanda, S. C., Narang, R., Reddy, K. S., Sachdeva, U., Prabhakaran, D., Dharmanand, S., et al. (2000). Retardation of coronary atherosclerosis with yoga lifestyle intervention. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 48(7), 687–694.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manjunath, N. K., & Telles, S. (2001). Improved performance in the tower of London test following yoga. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 45(3), 351–354.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manninen, V., Tenkanen, L., Koskinen, P., Huttunen, J. K., Manttari, M., Heinonen, O. P., & Frick, M. H. (1992). Joint effects of serum triglyceride and LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol concentrations on coronary heart disease risk in the helsinki heart study. Implications for treatment. Circulation, 85(1), 37–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McEwen, B. S. (1999). Allostasis and allostatic load implications for neuropsychopharmacology. Neuropsychopharmacology, 22(2), 108–124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McEwen, B. S., & Gianaros, P. J. (2010). Central role of the brain in stress and adaptation: Links to socioeconomic status, health, and disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1186, 190–222.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, T. Q., Smith, T. W., Turner, C. W., Guijarro, M. L., & Hallet, A. J. (1996). A meta-analytic review of research on hostility and physical health. Psychological Bulletin, 119, 322–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murugesan, R., Govindarajulu, N., & Bera, T. K. (2000). Effect of selected yogic practices on the management of hypertension. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 44, 207–210.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Institutes of Health. (2004). Expanding horizons of Health Care National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Strategic Plan 2005–2009. Bethesda: National Institutes of Health.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newberg, A. B., & Iversen, J. (2003). The neural basis of the complex mental task of meditation: Neurotransmitter and neurochemical considerations. Medical Hypotheses, 61(2), 282–291.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olivo, E. L., Dodson-Lavelle, B., Wren, A., Fang, Y., & Oz, M. C. (2009). Feasibility and effectiveness of a brief meditation-based stress management and intervention for patients diagnosed with or at risk for coronary heart disease: A pilot study. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 14(5), 513–523.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ospina, M. B., Bond, K., Karkhaneh, M., Buscemi, N., Dryden, D. M., Barnes, V., et al. (2008). Clinical trials of meditation practices in health care: Characteristics and quality. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 14(10), 1199–1213.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paul-Labrador, M., Polk, D., Dwyher, J. H., Velasquez, I., Nidich, S., Rainforth, M., et al. (2006). Effects of a randomized control trial of transcendental meditation on components of the metabolic syndrome in subjects with coronary heart disease. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166, 1218–1224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prochaska, J. J., Nigg, C. R., Spring, B., Velicer, W. F., & Prochaska, J. O. (2010). The benefits and challenges of multiple health behavior change in research and in practice. Preventive Medicine, 50(1), 26–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raikkonen, K., Matthews, K. A., & Kuller, L. H. (2007). Depressive symptoms and stressful life events predict metabolic syndrome among middle-aged women: A comparison of World Health Organization, Adult Treatment Panel III, and International Diabetes Foundation definitions. Diabetes Care, 30(4), 872–877.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rainforth, M. V., Schneider, R. H., Nidich, S. I., Gaylord-King, C., Salerno, J. W., & Anderson, J. W. (2007). Stress reduction programs in patients with elevated blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Current Hypertension Reports, 9(6), 520–528.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ray, U. S., Mukhopadhyaya, S., Purkayastha, S. S., Asnani, V., Tomer, O. S., Prashad, R., et al. (2001). Effect of yogic exercises on physical and mental health of young fellowship course trainees. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 45(1), 37–53.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ray, U. S., Sinha, B., Pathak, A., Dasgupta, T., & Selvamurthy, W. (2001). Aerobic capacity and perceived exertion after practice of Hatha yogic exercises. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 114, 215–221.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rozanski, A., Blumenthal, J. A., Davidson, K. W., Saab, P. G., & Kubzansky, L. (2005). The epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of psychosocial risk factors in cardiac practice: The emerging field of behavioral cardiology. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 45(5), 637–651.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saptharishi, L. G., Soudarssanane, M. B., Thiruselvakumar, D., Navasakthi, D., Mathanraj, S., Karthigeyan, M., & Sahai, A. (2009). Community-based randomized controlled trial of non-pharmacological interventions in prevention and control of hypertension among young adults. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 34(4), 329–334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sarang, P., & Telles, S. (2006). Effects of two yoga based relaxation techniques on heart rate variability. International Journal of Stress Management, 13(4), 460–475.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, R. H., Alexander, C. N., Staggers, F., Orme-Johnson, D. W., Rainforth, M., Salerno, J. W., et al. (2005). A randomized controlled trial of stress reduction in the in African Americans treated for hypertension for over one year. American Journal of Hypertension, 18, 88–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seeman, T. E., Dubin, L. F., & Seeman, M. (2003). Religiosity/spirituality and health: A critical review of the evidence for biological pathways. American Psychologist, 58(1), 53–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Selvamurthy, W., Sridharan, K., Ray, U. S., Tiwary, R. S., Hegde, K. S., Radhadrishan, U., & Sinha, K. C. (1998). A new physiological approach to control essential hypertension. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 42(2), 205–213.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, S. L., Schwartz, G. E., & Bonner, G. (1998). Effects of mindfulness-based reduction on medical and premedical students. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 21(6), 581–599.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S., Malhotra, V., Singh, K. P., Madhu, S. V., & Tandon, O. P. (2004). Role of yoga in modifying certain cardiovascular functions in type 2 diabetic patients. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 52, 203–206.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Speca, M., Carlson, L. E., Goodey, E., & Angen, E. (2000). A randomized, wait-list controlled clinical trial: The effect of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction program on mood and symptoms of stress in cancer outpatients. Psychosomatic Medicine, 62, 613–622.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tacon, A. M., McComb, J., Caldera, Y., & Randolph, P. (2003). Mindfulness meditation, anxiety reduction, and heart disease: A pilot study. Family & Community Health, 26(1), 25–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Telles, S., & Srinivas, R. (1998). Autonomic and respiratory measures in children with impaired vision following yoga and physical activity programs. International Journal of Rehabilitation and Health, 4(2), 117–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, G. N., Hong, A. W. L., Tomlinson, B., Lau, E., Lam, C. W., Sanderson, J. E., & Woo, J. (2005). Effects of Tai Chi and resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors in elderly Chinese subjects: A 12-month longitudinal, randomized, controlled intervention study. Clinical Endocrinology, 63, 663–666.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vasan, R. S., Larson, M. G., Leip, E. P., Evans, J. C., O’Donnell, C. J., Kannel, W. B., & Levy, D. (2001). Impact of high-normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease. The New England Journal of Medicine, 345, 1291–1297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vyas, R., & Dikshit, N. (2002). Effect of meditation on respiratory system, cardiovascular system and lipid profile. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 46(4), 487–491.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vyas, R., Raval, K. V., & Dikshit, N. (2008). Effect of raja yoga meditation on the lipid profile of post-menopausal women. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 52(4), 420–424.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wei, L., & Liu, H. Y. (2004). The effect of simplified Tai Chi on improvement of cardiac function in patients with heart failure. Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation, 7, 1460–1461.

    Google Scholar 

  • West, J., Otte, C., Geher, K., Johnson, J., & Mohr, D. C. (2004). Effects of hatha yoga and African dance on perceived stress, affect, and salivary cortisol. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 28(2), 114–118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, K. (2007). A review of yoga programs for four leading risk factors of chronic diseases. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 4(4), 487–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yeh, G. Y., Wang, C., Wayne, P. M., & Phillips, R. (2009). Tai chi exercise for patients with cardiovascular conditions and risk factors. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention, 29, 152–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yoga Journal (2008). 2008 Yoga in America study. California: Dayna Macy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yusuf, S., Hawken, S., Onupuu, S., Dans, T., Avezum, A., Lanas, F., INTERHEART Study Investigators, et al. (2004). Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): Case-control study. Lancet, 364(9438), 937–952.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10641, USA

    Sonia Suchday Ph.D., Maria Dziok Ph.D., Miriam Katzenstein M.A., Erica Kaplan B.A. & Michelle Kahan M.S., M.A.

Authors
  1. Sonia Suchday Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Maria Dziok Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Miriam Katzenstein M.A.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Erica Kaplan B.A.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Michelle Kahan M.S., M.A.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Henry Low Heart Center, Hartford Hospital, Seymour Street 80, Hartford, 06102, Connecticut, USA

    Ellen A. Dornelas

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Suchday, S., Dziok, M., Katzenstein, M., Kaplan, E., Kahan, M. (2012). The Effects of Meditation and Yoga on Cardiovascular Disease. In: Dornelas, E.A. (eds) Stress Proof the Heart. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5650-7_11

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation