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Anthropometry of Malnutrition in End Stage Liver Disease

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Handbook of Anthropometry

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Abstract

One of the most common encountered clinical complications in end stage liver disease (ESLD) is macro- and micronutrient deficiency. Clinically evident malnutrition is strongly ­correlated with the degree of the disease progression reflected in the Child Pugh classification. The pathogenesis of malnutrition in ESLD is multifactorial. The use of anthropometry has provided us with an efficient but simple method for the assessment of malnutrition in cirrhosis. Most common anthropometric indices are triceps skinfold thickness (TST) and mid arm muscle circumference (MAMC). Both parameters are of great prognostic value and are recommended, along with subjective global assessment (SGA), by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) for the evaluation of malnutrition in cirrhotic patients and patients awaiting liver transplantation.

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Abbreviations

BCM:

Body Cell Mass

BMI:

Body Mass Index

CP classification:

Child Pugh classification

ESLD:

End Stage Liver Disease

ESPEN:

European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism

FFM:

Free Fat Mass

MAA:

Mid Arm Area

MAC:

Mid Arm Circumference

MAFA:

Mid Arm Fat Area

MAMA:

Mid Arm Muscle Area

MAMC:

Mid Arm Muscle Circumference

PEM:

Protein Energy Malnutrition

REE:

Resting Energy Expenditure

SGA:

Subjective Global Assessment

TST:

Triceps Skinfold Thickness

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1st Medical Propedeutic Department, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, S. Kiriakidi 1, 54636, Thessaloniki, Greece

    E. T. Tsiaousi

Authors
  1. E. T. Tsiaousi
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  2. A. I. Hatzitolios
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Correspondence to E. T. Tsiaousi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Nutrition & Dietetics, King's College, Stamford St. 150, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

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Tsiaousi, E.T., Hatzitolios, A.I. (2012). Anthropometry of Malnutrition in End Stage Liver Disease. In: Preedy, V. (eds) Handbook of Anthropometry. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1788-1_172

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1788-1_172

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-1788-1

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