Abstract
Peptic ulcers are defects in the gastrointestinal mucosa that extend through the muscularis mucosae. They persist as a function of the acid or peptic activity in gastric juice. The natural history of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) ranges from resolution without intervention to the development of complications with potential for significant morbidity and mortality, such as bleeding and perforation. Peptic ulcer disease is an important cause of morbidity and health-care costs. Estimates of expenditures related to work loss, hospitalization, and outpatient care are $5.65 billion per year in the United States [1].
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Padussis, J.C., Pappas, T.N. (2010). Management of Bleeding Peptic Ulcer Disease. In: Pryor, A., Pappas, T., Branch, M. (eds) Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1693-8_5
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