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Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility pp 389–421Cite as

Sperm Capacitation, the Acrosome Reaction, and Fertilization

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Abstract

Recent advances in our understanding of fertilization are summarized, highlighting newly discovered molecules implicated in sperm interactions with the epithelia of the female reproductive system (spermadhesins, BSP-proteins), sperm-zona binding (ZP4, ZP3R, IAM38/ZPBP), sperm oolemma binding and fusion (IZUMO, CD9, CD81), oocyte activation (PLCzeta, SRC-family kinases and their activators), and pronuclear development (nucleoplasmin, oocyte-specific histones). Sperm-contributed RNAs and signaling molecules are discussed, and the mechanisms of gamete interactions and antipolyspermy defense during natural fertilization are compared with fertilization events following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

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Acknowledgments

I would like to acknowledge the support from my past and present associates and graduate students at the University of Missouri, including Gauri Manandhar, Young-Joo Yi, Kathleen Baska, Kyle Lovercamp, Alex Wu, Katie Fischer, Shawn Zimmerman, Jen Antelman, and Miriam Sutovsky. Clerical and editorial assistance from Kathy Craighead is much appreciated. Support from my colleagues and collaborators, Drs. Randy Prather, Jon Green, Billy N. Day and Gary Clark, and their associates are much appreciated. Special thanks to Dr. Richard Oko for sharing unpublished data from our collaborative research projects for the purpose of this chapter and to the staff of the Electron Microscopy Core Facility of UM for sample procesing. Critical reading of this manuscript by Drs. Vera Jonakova, Richard Oko and Gary Clark is gratefully acknowledged. In the last 7 years, my laboratory was/has been supported by generous grants from the USDA-NRI Animal Reproduction Program, the NIH, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Pfizer Inc., Monsanto Inc, and seed funding from the Food for the twenty-first Century Program of the University of Missouri-Columbia.

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  1. Animal Science and Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cell and Tissue Research, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA

    Peter Sutovsky

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  1. School of Medicine, University of Utah, Arapeen Dr. 675, Salt Lake City, 84108, USA

    Douglas T. Carrell

  2. School of Medicine, University of Utah, North Medical Drive 50, Salt Lake City, 84132, USA

    C. Matthew Peterson

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Sutovsky, P. (2010). Sperm Capacitation, the Acrosome Reaction, and Fertilization. In: Carrell, D., Peterson, C. (eds) Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1436-1_25

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