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BOLD fMRI pp 215–247Cite as

fMRI Wada Test: Prospects for Presurgical Mapping of Language and Memory

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Abstract

Since the inception of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in the early 1990s, clinicians and researchers have been interested in the potential utility of this technology for replacement of the intracarotid amobarbital test (IAT). The IAT, or Wada test, is an invasive angiographic procedure, with some potential risks, that currently serves as the conventional standard for lateralization of language, memory, and other functions. The IAT is used primarily in patients under consideration for neurosurgery to treat epilepsy, but also in other neurosurgical populations (e.g., motor cortex tumor, arteriovenous malformation in language association cortex, etc.). If a valid assessment paradigm could be created, the advantages of fMRI assessment of memory and language functions over the IAT would be obvious. Functional MRI is a repeatable, noninvasive procedure with no significant known health risks for most individuals. It is also very flexible and can be readily modified to assess the clinical questions at issue for a particular patient. In addition, a recent cost analysis demonstrated considerable savings of total direct costs for fMRI over IAT.1

This chapter previously appeared in Functional MRI: Basic Principles and Clinical Applications, edited by S. Faro and F. Mohamed. New York: Springer Science+Business Media, LCC 2006.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Barbara C. Jobst, MD, Jennifer D. Schoenfeld, PhD, the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, and the Epilepsy and Epilepsy Surgery Programs at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center for their contributions to the data presented in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology; and Center for Neuroimaging, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Brenna C. McDonald PsyD, MBA & Andrew J. Saykin PsyD

  2. Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    J. Michael Williams PhD

  3. Department of Neurology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA

    Bassam A. Assaf MD

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  1. Brenna C. McDonald PsyD, MBA
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  2. Andrew J. Saykin PsyD
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  3. J. Michael Williams PhD
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  4. Bassam A. Assaf MD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Radiology, Temple University Hospital, 3401 Broad Street, Philadelphia, 19140-5189, USA

    Scott H. Faro

  2. , Department of Radiology, Temple University Hospital, Broad Street 3401, Philadelphia, 19140-5189, USA

    Feroze B. Mohamed

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McDonald, B.C., Saykin, A.J., Williams, J.M., Assaf, B.A. (2010). fMRI Wada Test: Prospects for Presurgical Mapping of Language and Memory. In: Faro, S., Mohamed, F. (eds) BOLD fMRI. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1329-6_9

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