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Cardiothoracic Surgery in the Elderly pp 207–219Cite as

Hematologic Disorders in the Elderly

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Abstract

Hematologic disorders in the elderly population have become an increasing problem as the general population ages. In the elderly, anemia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The etiology of the anemia may be nutritional deficiencies, renal insufficiency, hormone insufficiency, bone marrow dysfunction. Thrombocytopenia in the elderly patient is associated with a variety of clinical disorders including myelodysplasia and bone marrow failure syndromes, nutritional deficiencies, medications, and immune disorders. Platelet dysfunction is common due to the use of anti-platelet medications, as well as disorders such as myelodysplasia. While coagulation parameters do not change in the elderly, bleeding complications due to coagulation problems are common in the elderly. Liver failure, the use of anti-coagulants, acquired factor inhibitors put elderly patients at risk for bleeding. Thrombosis is common in the elderly. The risk of venous thromboembolism increase with age but is also enhanced by a variety of clinical factors such as surgery, sepsis, hip fractures, cancer, and immobility. In this chapter we will review the epidemiology, causes, and consequences of anemia in the elderly population. We will discuss platelet disorders, coagulation and thrombotic disorders unique to the elderly.

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  1. Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for Study of Blood Disorders, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA

    Ilene C. Weitz

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  1. , Department of Thoracic Surgery, Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center, 1000 East Mountain Drive, Wilkes-Barre, 18711, Pennsylvania, USA

    Mark R. Katlic

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Weitz, I.C. (2011). Hematologic Disorders in the Elderly. In: Katlic, M. (eds) Cardiothoracic Surgery in the Elderly. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0892-6_16

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