Abstract
Establishing rules for auditory information processing requires knowledge of the physiology of the neurons, their connections, and of how local circuits shape signals. When available, as in the cochlear nucleus (Cant and Benson 2003), such profiles underlie plausible models of receptive field (RF) genesis (Davis and Young 2000), serial information transfer (Smith et al. 1993), and feature detection (Nelken 2002). Progress in this endeavor in the medial geniculate body (MGB) and auditory cortex (AC) since 1990 is the subject of this review, and it is prerequisite to understanding how auditory thalamic (Senatorov and Hu 2002), cortical (de Ribaupierre 1997; Rouiller and Welker 2000), and subcortical sites (Winer 2006) interact. A second theme is the function of massive, focal, and precise corticocortical (Lee and Winer 2005) and corticofugal (Winer 2006) projections. The emerging picture of multiple ascending and descending pathways with intricate convergence and divergence patterns (Smith and Spirou 2002) and robust interneuronal substrates for modulation (Huang et al. 1999) is at odds with more serial models of information flow (Brandner and Redies 1990). Each section summarizes views prevailing circa 1990, then assesses subsequent studies in cat, rodents, bats, and primates.
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- AA:
-
amygdala, anterior nucleus
- AAF:
-
anterior auditory field
- ABm:
-
basomedial nucleus of the amygdala
- ACe:
-
central nucleus of the amygdala
- AD:
-
anterior part of the DCN
- AES:
-
anterior ectosylvian area
- aes:
-
anterior ectosylvian sulcus
- AI:
-
primary auditory cortex
- AlP:
-
anterolateral periolivary nucleus
- APt:
-
anterior pretectum
- AII:
-
second auditory cortex
- AM:
-
anterior medial nucleus
- AV:
-
anterior ventral thalamic nucleus
- AV:
-
anteroventral cochlear nucleus
- Ava:
-
anteroventral cochlear nucleus, anterior part
- BB:
-
broadband
- BM:
-
amygdala, basomedial nucleus
- BIC:
-
brachium of the inferior colliculus
- BI:
-
amygdala, basolateral nucleus
- C:
-
caudal or C layer of the lateral geniculate body
- Ca:
-
caudate nucleus
- CBM:
-
cerebellum
- CC:
-
caudal cortex of the inferior colliculus
- CC:
-
corpus callosum
- CF,CF-CF:
-
constant frequency cortical area
- CF:
-
characteristic frequency
- Cl:
-
claustrum
- DF:
-
dorsal fringe auditory cortical area
- DI–DIV:
-
layers of dorsal cortex of inferior colliculus
- DM:
-
dorsomedial auditory cortical area
- CG:
-
central gray
- CIC:
-
commissure of the inferior colliculus
- CM:
-
central medial nucleus
- CM:
-
central medial/caudomedial auditory cortical area
- CN:
-
central nucleus of the inferior colliculus
- cNB:
-
central narrowband module in AI
- CP:
-
cerebral peduncle
- Cu:
-
cuneiform nucleus
- D:
-
dorsal nucleus of the MGB or dorsal
- d1–d4:
-
narrowband modules in AI
- DD:
-
deep dorsal nucleus of the MGB
- DC:
-
dorsal cortex of the inferior colliculus
- DCa:
-
caudal pole of the inferior colliculus
- DCN:
-
dorsal cochlear nucleus
- DF:
-
dorsal cochlear nucleus, fusiform cell layer
- DL:
-
dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus
- DlP:
-
dorsolateral periolivary nucleus
- DM:
-
dorsal cochlear nucleus, molecular layer
- DmP:
-
dorsomedial periolivary nucleus
- DP:
-
dorsoposterior auditory area of cat
- DS:
-
dorsal superficial nucleus of the MGB
- DSCF:
-
Doppler-shifted constant frequency region
- DZ:
-
dorsal auditory zone
- ED:
-
posterior ectosylvian gyrus, dorsal part
- EE:
-
excitatory-excitatory binaural interaction
- EI:
-
posterior ectosylvian gyrus, intermediate part or excitatory-inhibitory binaural interaction
- En:
-
entopeduncular nucleus
- EP:
-
posterior ectosylvian gyrus
- EV:
-
posterior ectosylvian gyrus, ventral part
- EW:
-
Edinger-Westphal nucleus
- FF:
-
fields of Forel
- FM:
-
frequency modulated
- FM-FM:
-
frequency-modulated auditory cortical area
- FM1-FM:
-
first harmonic frequency-modulated auditory cortical area
- FM1-FM2 :
-
first harmonic, second harmonic frequency-modulated auditory cortical area
- FM1-FM3 :
-
first harmonic, third harmonic frequency-modulated auditory cortical area
- FM1-FM4 :
-
first harmonic, fourth harmonic frequency-modulated auditory cortical area
- GP:
-
globus pallidus
- Ha:
-
habenula
- Hip:
-
hippocampus
- HiT:
-
habenulointerpeduncular tract
- IC:
-
inferior colliculus
- ICa:
-
internal capsule
- IcT:
-
intercollicular tegmentum
- IL:
-
intermediate nucleus of the lateral lemniscus
- In:
-
insular cortex
- IlN:
-
intralaminar thalamic nuclei
- Int:
-
thalamic intralaminar nuclei
- IT:
-
intercollicular tegmentum
- La:
-
lateral nucleus of the amygdala
- LC:
-
lateral cortex of the inferior colliculus
- LD:
-
lateral dorsal nucleus
- LGB,LGBd:
-
lateral geniculate body, dorsal part
- LGBv:
-
lateral geniculate body, ventral part
- LM:
-
lateral medial nucleus
- LMN:
-
lateral mesencephalic nucleus
- LN:
-
lateral nucleus of the inferior colliculus
- LP:
-
lateral posterior nucleus
- LS:
-
lateral superior olive
- LT:
-
lateral nucleus of the trapezoid body
- M:
-
medial division of the MGB
- MCP:
-
middle cerebellar peduncle
- MGB:
-
medial geniculate body
- ML:
-
medial lemniscus
- MLF:
-
medial longitudinal fasciculus
- MR:
-
mesencephalic reticular formation
- MRF:
-
mesencephalic reticular formation
- MS:
-
medial superior olive
- MT:
-
medial nucleus of the trapezoid body
- Mv:
-
medioventral thalamic nucleus
- MZ:
-
marginal zone of MGB
- NB:
-
narrowband
- NBIC:
-
nucleus of the brachium of the inferior colliculus
- NRTP:
-
reticular tegmental nucleus of the pons
- OT:
-
optic tract
- OR:
-
optic radiation
- Ov:
-
pars ovoidea of the ventral division of the MGB
- P:
-
posterior auditory field
- PC:
-
posterior commissure
- Pd:
-
posterodorsal division of the DCN
- PeN:
-
periolivary nuclei
- PHy:
-
posterior hypothalamus
- PL:
-
posterior limitans nucleus
- PL:
-
posterior lateral auditory area of bushbaby
- PLSS:
-
posterior lateral suprasylvian area
- Pl:
-
paralemniscal zone
- PN:
-
pontine nuclei
- Pol:
-
rostral pole of the MGB
- Pom:
-
medial part of the posterior group
- Pt:
-
pretectum
- Pu:
-
pulvinar nucleus
- Pv:
-
posteroventral cochlear nucleus
- PvO:
-
posteroventral cochlear nucleus, octopus cell layer
- Py:
-
pyramidal tract
- R:
-
rostral
- R:
-
rostral auditory area of squirrel or monkey
- Ra:
-
raphe
- RF:
-
reticular formation
- Rh:
-
rhomboid nucleus
- RL:
-
rostral lateral auditory are in monkey
- RN:
-
red nucleus
- RP:
-
rostral pole nucleus of the inferior colliculus or MGB
- Sa:
-
nucleus sagulum
- SC:
-
superior colliculus
- SCP:
-
superior cerebellar peduncle
- SCPX:
-
decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncle
- SF:
-
suprasylvian fringe area
- SF/daz:
-
suprasylvian fringe/dorsal auditory zone
- SGS:
-
superficial gray layer of superior colliculus
- SGi:
-
intermediate gray layer of superior colliculus
- SGP:
-
deep layer of superior colliculus
- Sg:
-
suprageniculate nucleus
- Sgl/Sl:
-
suprageniculate nucleus, lateral part
- Sgm/S:
-
suprageniculate nucleus, medial part
- SN:
-
substantia nigra
- SNc:
-
substantia nigra, pars compacta
- SNL:
-
substantia nigra, pars lateralis
- SNR,SNr:
-
substantia nigra, pars reticulata
- Spf:
-
subparafascicular nucleus
- SpN:
-
suprapeduncular nucleus
- TA:
-
temporal auditory area of squirrel
- TE1:
-
primary auditory cortex of rat
- TE2:
-
second auditory cortex of rat
- TE3:
-
third auditory cortex of rat
- Te:
-
temporal cortex
- TL:
-
lateral nucleus of the trapezoid body
- TM:
-
medial nucleus of the trapezoid body
- TRN:
-
thalamic reticular nucleus
- Tr:
-
trochlear nerve
- TV:
-
ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body
- V:
-
pars lateralis of the ventral division or ventral or ventral auditory area
- VA:
-
ventroanterior auditory cortical area
- Vb:
-
ventrobasal complex
- Ve:
-
ventral auditory area
- VF:
-
ventral fringe auditory cortical area
- VL:
-
ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus
- VLa:
-
ventral lateral thalamic nucleus
- Vl:
-
ventrolateral nucleus of the MGB
- VM:
-
ventral medial thalamic nucleus
- Vm:
-
mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal
- VmP:
-
ventromedial periolivary nucleus
- VP:
-
ventral posterior auditory area
- Vpl:
-
ventral posterolateral nucleus
- Vpm:
-
ventral posteromedial nucleus
- VT:
-
ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body
- wm:
-
white matter
- ZI:
-
zona incerta
- I-IV:
-
layers of the dorsal cortex of the inferior colliculus
- I-VI:
-
layers of cerebral cortex
- α:
-
layer IVCα in primary visual cortex
- β:
-
layer IVCβ in primary visual cortex
- c:
-
layer IVc in primary visual cortex
- 35/36:
-
perirhinal cortex
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Acknowledgment
Thanks to Christoph E. Schreiner for helpful comments. This work was supported by United States Public Health Service grant R01 DC02319-26.
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Winer, J.A. (2011). A Profile of Auditory Forebrain Connections and Circuits. In: Winer, J., Schreiner, C. (eds) The Auditory Cortex. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0074-6_2
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