Skip to main content

National Identity, Multiculturalism, and Language Policies

  • Chapter
  • 2502 Accesses

Part of the book series: Globalisation, Comparative Education and Policy Research ((GCEP,volume 3))

Thomas Ricento (2006) noted individuals speaking one language only do not appreciate the complexity of other languages and the way they influence one 's perception of cultural pluralism:

Language is something most of us take for granted most of the time; it is usually when we discover that our language (or language variety) is different from, and perhaps less valued than, the language of others, or that our options are somehow limited either because we don't speak/understand a language or language variety … that we begin to pay attention to language. (p. 21)

Taking language for granted is, of course, easiest for those who speak a language of power and influence such as English, or for those living in relative isolation. However, in a globalized world, isolation is decreasing. Issues of language are incredibly sensitive given their connection to personal and national/ethnic identity. Recently researchers in the area (Skutnabb-Kangas & Phillipson, 1994; Zajda, 2005 a,b; May, 2006; Ozdowski, S. 2006; Smolicz, Nical, & Secombe, 2007; Makropoulos, 2007) have argued passionately for language rights. For example, May (2006) has observed that the Linguistic Human Rights (LHR) paradigm argues that minority languages and their speakers should be accorded at least some of the protections and institutional support that majority languages already enjoy (p. 265).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Alberta German Bilingual Program. (n.d.). Available at http://germanbilingual.epsb.net/background.htm. Retrieved February 10, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrew, J. V. (1977). Bilingual Today. French Tomorrow. Richmond Hill: BMG Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beaujot, R. (1998). Demographic Considerations in Canadian Language Policy. In T. Ricento & B. Burnaby (Eds.), Language and Politics in the United States and Canada: Myths and Realities (pp. 71–83). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bélanger, C. (2000). The Language Laws of Quebec. Available at http://www2.marianopolis.edu/ quebechistory/readings/langlaws.htm. Retrieved Oct. 31, 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bratt-Paulston, C. & Heidemann, K. (2006). Language Policies and the Education of Linguistic Minorities. In T. Ricento (Ed.), An Introduction to Language Policy: Theory and Method (pp. 292–310). Malden, MA: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cartwright, D. (1998). Quebec, Canada and the United States: Social Reality and Language Rights. In T. Ricento & B. Burnaby (Eds.), Language and Politics in the United States and Canada: Myths and Realities (pp. 273–299. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • CBC News. (2007). Plenty of Support for Bilingualism: poll. Available at http://www.cbc.ca/ canada/story/2007/02/04/bilingualism-poll.html?ref = rss. Retrieved Feb. 6, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duffy, A. (2004). The Bilingual Classroom. Special Report in Toronto Star, September 30, 2004.Available at www.thestar.com. Retrieved February 7, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fettes, M. (1998). Life on the Edge: Canada's Aboriginal Languages Under Official Bilingualism. In T. Ricento & B. Burnaby (Eds.), Language and Politics in the United States and Canada: Myths and Realities (pp. 117–149). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Government of Canada, Department of Canadian Heritage. (2003). Aboriginal Languages in Canada: Backgrounds and Trends (6pp.). Available at http://www.pch.gc.ca/progs/en.cr/eval 2003/2003-01/5_e.cfm. Retrieved February 10, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, K. (2004). First Nations Languages and Education in Ontario. Available at http://www.edu. gov.on.ca/eng/document/curricul/native/index.html. Retrieved January 31, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hudon, R. (1985a). “Bill 22.” The Canadian Encyclopedia (2nd ed., Vol. 1, p. 216). Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hudon, R. (1985b). “Bill 101.” The Canadian Encyclopedia (2nd ed., Vol. 1, p. 217). Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. (2004). Backgrounder: The Residential School System. Available at http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/gs/schl_e.html. Retrieved February 14, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. (2005). Backgrounder: Renewed Agreement Benefits Mi'kmaq Students. Available at http://www.ainc-inac.gc.ca/nr/prs/j-a2005/02620bk_e.html. Retrieved February 7, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laing, G. (1985). Bilingualism and Biculturalism, Royal Commission (1963–71). The Canadian Encyclopedia (2nd ed., Vol. 1, p. 216). Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcopoulos, J. (2007). Class Dynamics in the Selection of Early French Immersion Programs in Canada. Education and Society, 25(3), 35–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Magnet, J. (1998). Language Rights Theory in Canadian Perspective. In T. Ricento & B. Burnaby (Eds.), Language and Politics in the United States and Canada: Myths and Realities (pp. 185–205).Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • May, S. (2006). Language Policy and Minority Rights. In T. Ricento (Ed.), An Introduction to Language Policy: Theory and Method (pp. 255–272). Malden, MA: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Education and Training. (1999a). Native Languages (40 pp.). Toronto: Queen's Printer for Ontario.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Education and Training. (1999b).. Native Studies (27 pp.). Toronto: Queen's Printer for Ontario.

    Google Scholar 

  • Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages. (1985). Language Policy. In the Canadian Encyclopedia (2nd ed., Vol. 2, pp. 1175–1176). Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Office of the Languages Commissioner of Nunavut. (n.d.). Available at: http://langcom.nu.ca/ rights/en_index.html. Retrieved February 10, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozdowski, S. (2005). Human Rights: A Report Card for Australia. Political Crossroads, 12(3), 71–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozdowski, S. (2007). Access, Inclusion and Success: Muslim Students at Australian Universities. Political Crossroads, 14(1), 33–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricento, T. (2006). Theoretical Perspectives in Language Policy: An Overview. In T. Ricento (Ed.). An Introduction to Language Policy: Theory and Method (pp. 10–23). Malden, MA: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skutnabb-Kangas, T. & Phillipson, R. (1994). Linguistic Human Rights, Past and Present. In T. Skutnabb-Kangas & R. Phillipson (Eds.), Linguistic Human Rights: Overcoming Linguistic Discrimination (pp. 71–110). Berlin: Mouton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolicz, J. & Secombe, M. (2008). Linguistic Minorities in Belarus. Political Crossroads, 15(1), 5–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolicz, J., Nical, I., & Secombe, M. (2007). Assimilation or Pluralism? Changing Policies for Minority Languages Education in Australia and the Philippines. Political Crossroads, 14(1 & 2), 71–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • The Canadian Encyclopedia Historica. (2007). Native People, Languages. Available at http:// www.canadianencyclopedia.ca/PrinterFriendly.cfm?Params = A1ARTA0005650. Retrieved Feb. 10, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wikipedia. (2007). Alliance for the Preservation of English in Canada. Available at http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_for_the_Preservations_of_English_in_Canada. Retrieved February 6, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yalden, M. (1985). The Official Languages Act, 1969. The Canadian Encyclopedia (2nd ed., Vol. 3, p. 1560). Edmonton: Hurtig Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zajda, J. (Ed.). (2005a). The International Handbook of Globalisation and Education Policy Research. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Zajda, J. (2005b). Globalisation, Education and Policy Research. In J. Zajda (Ed.), The International Handbook of Globalisation and Education Policy Research (Vol. 1, Chapter 1). Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zajda, J. (2008). Globalisation and Implications for Equity and Democracy in Education. In J. Zajda, L. Davies, & S. Majhanovich (Eds.), Comparative and Global Pedagogies: Equity, Access and Democracy in Education (pp. 3–12). Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zajda, J., Majhanovich, S., & Rust, V. (2006). Education and Social Justice: Issues of Liberty and Equality in the Global Culture. In J. Zajda, S. Majhanovich & V. Rust (Eds.), Education and Social Justice (pp. 1–12). Dordrecht: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Zajda, J., Davies, L., & Majhanovich, S. (Eds.). (2008). Comparative and Global Pedagogies: Equity, Access and Democracy in Education. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Majhanovich, S. (2009). National Identity, Multiculturalism, and Language Policies. In: Zajda, J., Daun, H., Saha, L.J. (eds) Nation-Building, Identity and Citizenship Education. Globalisation, Comparative Education and Policy Research, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9318-0_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics