A predictive forward-dynamic simulation of human gait would be extremely useful to many different researchers, and professionals. Metabolic efficiency is one of the defining characteristics of human gait. Forward-dynamic simulations of human gait can be used to calculate the muscle load profiles for a given walking pattern, which in turn can be used to estimate metabolic energy consumption. One approach to predict human gait is to search for, and converge on metabolically efficient gaits. This approach demands a high-fidelity model; errors in the kinetic response of the model will affect the predicted muscle loads and thus the calculated metabolic cost. If the kinetic response of the model is not realistic, the simulated gait will not be reflective of how a human would walk. The foot forms an important kinetic and kinematic boundary condition between the model and the ground: joint torque profiles, muscle loads, and thus metabolic cost will be adversely affected by a poorly performing foot contact model. A recent approach to predict human gait is reviewed, and new foot contact modelling results are presented.
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Millard, M., McPhee, J., Kubica, E. (2009). Multi-Step Forward Dynamic Gait Simulation. In: Bottasso, C.L. (eds) Multibody Dynamics. Computational Methods in Applied Sciences, vol 12. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8829-2_2
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