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Assessment of Gene Transfer: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Nuclear Medicine Techniques

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Book cover General Methods and Overviews, Lung Carcinoma and Prostate Carcinoma

Part of the book series: Methods of Cancer Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prognosis ((HAYAT,volume 2))

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With regard to the clinical application of the gene therapeutic approaches, a tight control of both the spatial and temporal expression of the therapeutic transgene is required, and information concerning gene expression is necessary for therapy planning, and follow up studies in treated tumors and also for prognosis. Recent progress in molecular imaging (MI) techniques enables one to directly or indirectly monitor and record the spatiotemporal distribution of molecular or cellular processes for biochemical, biological, diagnostic, or therapeutic applications (Table 4.2). Based on the application of specific radioactive probes or contrast agents, either direct or indirect evaluation of gene expression is allowed. Direct evaluation is possible with, for example, ligands that directly bind to a specific target (e.g., receptor). Indirect evaluation may be achieved by using specific substrate probes for a target enzyme. By employing reporter genes for molecular imaging of gene expression in gene therapy, direct visualization may be achieved by optical detection of the respective gene product (e.g., green fluorescent protein). Indirect visualization is possible as a result of accumulation of an image probe because of enzymatic action or transporter function of the reporter gene product (e.g., iodine accumulation due to the action of the Na(+)/I(?) symporter). The reporter gene may not have a therapeutic role itself but by coupling it to a therapeutic gene, expression of the reporter gene reports on the expression of the therapeutic gene.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280 FRG-69120, Germany

    Annette Altmann & Uwe Haberkorn

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  1. Annette Altmann
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  2. Uwe Haberkorn
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Correspondence to Annette Altmann .

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Kean University, Union, NJ, USA

    M. A. Hayat

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Altmann, A., Haberkorn, U. (2008). Assessment of Gene Transfer: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Nuclear Medicine Techniques. In: Hayat, M.A. (eds) General Methods and Overviews, Lung Carcinoma and Prostate Carcinoma. Methods of Cancer Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prognosis, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8442-3_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8442-3_4

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