Most European countries are today highly interested in the quality of doctoral education. Undoubtedly, the Bologna Process has also given impetus to a reassessment of national doctoral education systems. There is a need to find comparable indicators measuring the efficiency and quality of doctoral education systems and educational practices alike. At the centre of the doctoral education agenda are not only national research funding systems, research training and doctoral programmes but also issues involving international collaboration and mobility (Enders and de Weert 2004; Tomusk 2006).
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Aittola, H. (2008). Doctoral Education and Doctoral Theses — Changing Assessment Practices. In: Välimaa, J., Ylijoki, OH. (eds) Cultural Perspectives on Higher Education. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6604-7_11
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