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Myosin VI: A Multifunctional Motor Protein

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Book cover Myosins

Part of the book series: Proteins and Cell Regulation ((PROR,volume 7))

Abstract

Myosins are motor proteins that use the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to move unidirectionally along actin filament tracks within the cell. Myosin VI appears to be unique, because unlike all the other myosins so far characterised, it moves backwards towards the minus end of actin filaments. Within cells myosin VI is found in distinct locations and has been implicated in a wide range of processes such as endocytosis, exocytosis, maintenance of Golgi morphology and cell migration. Myosin VI’s participation in this diverse array of cellular events is mediated by its interaction with a number of different binding partners, which bind to two specific sites in its C-terminal targeting domain. Within this domain there is also a site which specifically binds the signalling molecule PtdIns(4,5) P2 (PIP2) and modulates myosin VI targeting to the plasma membrane. Although it is now generally agreed that myosin VI exists in vitro as a stable monomer and under certain conditions may form a few dimers, it is not known whether myosin VI functions as a monomer and/or dimer in the cell. Understanding the cellular functions of myosin VI has now a greater urgency with the observations that myosin VI is associated with a number of human diseases including deafness and cancers.

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  1. Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building,Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, United Kingdom

    Folma Buss

  2. MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QH, United Kingdom

    John Kendrick-Jones

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Buss, F., Kendrick-Jones, J. (2008). Myosin VI: A Multifunctional Motor Protein. In: Myosins. Proteins and Cell Regulation, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6519-4_10

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