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References
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on the Fetus and Newborn: Standards and recommendations for hospital care of newborn infants, ed. 5. Evanston, Ill. American Academy of Pediatrics; 1971:71.
American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Report of the ad hoc task force on circumcision. Pediatrics. 56:610-611. (1975).
American Academy of Pediatrics. Report of the task force on circumcision. Pediatrics. 84:388-391 (1989).
American Academy of Pediatrics. Task Force on Circumcision. Circumcision policy statement. Pediatrics. 103:686-693 (1999).
Doctors Opposing Circumcision - http://faculty.washington.edu/gcd/DOC/, Nurses for the Rights of the Child - www.cirp.org/nrc, National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers - www.nocirc.org, and Circumcision Information Resource Pages - www.cirp.org.
Circumcision Resource Center - www.circumcision.org., Jewish Circumcision Resource Center - www.jewishcircumcision.org
Attorneys for the Rights of the Child - www.arclaw.org
Mothers Against Circumcision - www.mothersagainstcirc.org, In Memory of the Sexually Mutilated Child - www.sexuallymutilatedchild.org, Foreskin.org - www.foreskin.org, Stop Infant Circumcision Society - www.sicsociety.org, Circumcision Information Resource Centre(Canada)-www.infocirc.org, Circumcision Information Australia-www.circinfo.org, Circumstitions (New Zealand) - www.circumstitions.com; Peaceful Beginnings - www.cirp.org/peacefulbeginnings, Raising Intact Sons - www. ,National Organization of Restoring Men - www.norm.org
For example, Michangelo’s David in Florence and Giambologna’s Neptune in Bologna.
Golllaher, D. Circumcision: A history of the world’s most controversial surgery. New York, NY: Basic Books; 2000.
Goldman, R. Circumcision: The hidden trauma: How an American cultural practice affects infants and ultimately us all. Boston, MA: Vanguard Publications; 1997; Fleiss, P., Hodges, F. Sweet Dreams: A pediatrician’s secrets for your child’s good night’s sleep. Los Angeles, CA: Lowell House; 2000; Boyd, B. R. Circumcision Exposed: Rethinking a medical and cultural tradition. Freedom, CA: The Crossing Press 1998; and Fleiss, P., Hodges, F. What your doctor may not tell you about Circumcision: Untold facts on America’s most widely performed - and most unnecessary - surgery. New York, NY: Warner Books; 2002.
Bollinger D. (2003) Intact Versus Circumcised: Normal versus Circumcised: U.S. Neonatal Male Genital Ratio. Circumcision Reference Library (an original online publication), 22 April 2003. http://www.cirp.org/library/statistics/bolliger3/.
For more about Remondino see his own biography at http://www.sandiegohistory.org/ bioremindino/remondino.htm, http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt6489p00b, and http://www.sdcms.org/webpages/history.asp.
Laliberte, R. The circumcision decision: Parents are thinking twice about this once routine procedure. Parents. February 1996:67-70.
Glemser B. All about the human body. New York, NY: Random House, Inc.; 1958:131.
Harryman, G. An analysis of the accuracy of the presentation of the human penis in anatomical source materials, Chapter 2 in Denniston, G., Hodges, F., Milos, M. Flesh and Blood: Perspective on the problem of circumcision in contemporary society. New York, NY: KluwerAcademic/Plenum Publishers; 2004.
Swanson J., Forrest K. Men’s Reproductive Health. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Co. 1984:36.
This experience is related in more detail in Llewellyn, D. Legal remedies for penile torts. The Compleat Mother, Winter 1995, p 16, www.cirp.org/library/legal/USA/llewellyn.
Oster, J. Further fate of the foreskin: Incidence of preputial adhesions, phimosis, and smegma among Danish schoolboys. Arch Dis Child 1968;43:200-02, www; Kayaba, H. Tamura, H., Kitajima, S., Fujiwara, T., Kato, T., Kato, T. Analysis of shape and retractability of the prepuce in 603 Japanese boys. J. Urol. 1996;156:1813-15, www.cirp.org/library/normal/kayaba/; Morales, C., Cordies, J., Guerra, R., et al. ¿Debe realizarse circuncisión en la infancia. Arch Esp Urol 2002; 55 (7):807-11, www.cirp.org/library/normal/morales1/Ishikawa E, Kawakita M. [Preputial development in Japanese boys]. Hinyokika Kiyo 2004;50(5):305-8, www.cirp.org/library/normal/lisikaya1/
Stowell v. Good Samaritan Hospital C. A. No. 00-7501, U.S.D.C., E.D.N.Y.
Miller, G. Circumcision: cultural-legal analysis. Va. J. Soc. Pol. & Law. 9:497-585, Spring 2002.
Thomas v. Anchorage Equal Rights Comm., 220 F.3d 1134 (2000), Kleinfeld, J. dissenting at 1150. While such an argument has been rejected in a cogent and compelling analysis by Brigman (Brigman, W. Circumcision as child abuse: the legal and constitutional issues. J. Fam. L. (1984-85), 23.3:337-357), Miller's view is likely to more accurately predict the future, particularly given the social norm of Jewish and Muslim practice for millennia and the passionate attachment of these religions in general to male circumcision.
Waldeck, S. Using male circumcision to understand social norms as multipliers. U. Cinn. L.R., Winter 2003; 72:455-526.
Baltzley v. Baltzley, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania Court of Common Pleas, Nos. 200-741 C.P. and 2000-828 C.P.
Azar and Jagoda v. Azar, Circuit Court of Jackson County, Missouri, No. 02F200772
Id., Guardian Ad Litem’s Request for Dismissal, served June 23, 2004 (Lori L. Stipp, Esq., Guardian Ad Litem).
Private letter from Frank R. Bacque, M.D. to Camille Azar, dated August 2, 2004.
Private letter from John A. “Drew” Pumphrey, M.D., Associates in Urology, Fort Worth, Texas to Camille Azar, dated August 2, 2004.
Haynes v. Smith, Georgia Court of Appeals, No. A04A1502. The entire opinion of the Court is appended hereto in Appendix A.
Summary judgment ends a case as a matter of law on undisputed facts of record and removes the case from consideration by a jury.
Remondino, P. Questions of the day:. Negro rapes and their social problems. National Popular Review. 1894; 4:3-6.
Charles Bonner, Esq. of Sausalito, California and I recovered $501,550 last July for a Los Angeles couple in an arbitration against Kaiser Foundation Hospitals, et al., in which it was contended that the previously circumcised husband was subjected to another “circumcision” with consequent loss of much of his shaft skin and significant reduction of the length of his erection.
Most U.S. physicians seem unacquainted with the looseness of the penile skin system in the intact male and with the action of the Dartos fascia /muscle in the foreskin, which compresses the penis to protect it. Failure to push down on the public fat pad to determine penile shaft length and skin coverage before delineating the area of the outer incision during a sleeve circumcision seems to be one of the most common errors leading to excessive shaft skin removal and subsequent reduction in erection when the abdominal skin is then sewn to the mucosa behind the glans. Perhaps if we had more ancient or Renaissance statutes on display in the U. S. this would be less of a problem. As it is, this error appears to be quite common.
Madaras L. Madaras, A. The what’s happening to my body? Book for boys: A growing up guide for parents and sons. New York, N; Newmarket Press:2000.
Taylor J., Lockwood A., Taylor A., The prepuce: specialized mucosa of the penis and its loss to circumcision. B J Urol 1996; 77:291-5.
What your doctor may not tell you about CIRCUMCISION: Untold facts on America’s most widely performed - and most unnecessary - surgery. New York, NY: Warner Books; 2002.
Unfortunately, it has come under attack by one of circumcision’s leading proponents. The authors have filed suit against Thomas E. Wiswell, M.D. for allegedly libeling them in a review of the book at www.amazon.com, in which Wiswell allegedly stated that “their ‘facts’ are untold because they are lies and diatribe,” and that “what these two individuals put forth is as far from the truth as any author can get,” and in which he is alleged to have made other defamatory statements about them. The defendant filed a motion to dismiss on the ground that the alleged defamatory statements were legally protected opinion, which motion the plaintiffs opposed, but the court granted. The case is now on appeal to the U. S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Fleiss v. Wiswell, C. A. No. CV 040964, U.S.D.C., E.D.N.Y.; Fleiss v. Wiswell, Docket No. 05-0161-cv, U.S. Ct. App. 2d Cir.
http://www.playboy.com/sex/cos/heidimark/, accessed July 7, 2004.
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Saskatchewan. Caution against Circumcision of Newborn Male Infants. Feb 2002; College of Physicians and Surgeons of British Columbia. Policy Manual. Infant Male Circumcision. Jun 2004, http://www.cpsbc.bc.ca/policymanual/c/c13.htm.
Undoubtedly with a religious exception carved out to protect Jewish and Muslim parents.
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Llewellyn, D.J. (2006). Strategies for Litigation. In: Denniston, G.C., Gallo, P.G., Hodges, F.M., Milos, M.F., Viviani, F. (eds) Bodily Integrity and the Politics of Circumcision. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4916-3_19
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