Abstract
12.1.1.1. Cone rusts [Pucciniastrum areolatum (FR.) OTTH. and other species] In Norway spruce, female flowers that are infected in the spring time form cones with whitish pycnia (spermogonia) on the inner side of the cone scales. During the summer the cones develop numerous spherical brown aecia (Fig. 12.1). At high relative humidity, the scales of affected cones appear ruffled, whereas the healthy cones remain closed. The affected cones develop few seeds if any.
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Mańka, M. (2007). Tree Health. In: Tjoelker, M.G., Boratyński, A., Bugała, W. (eds) Biology and Ecology of Norway Spruce. Forestry Sciences, vol 78. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4841-8_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4841-8_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
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