Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

The Genesis of General Relativity pp 1081–1108Cite as

The Continuity Between Classical and Relativistic Cosmology in the Work of Karl Schwarzschild

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science ((BSPS,volume 250))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   749.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   949.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abraham, Max. 1912. “Zur Theorie der Gravitation.” Physikalische Zeitschrift 13: 1–4.(English translation in this volume.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Blumenthal, Otto. 1918. “Karl Schwarzschild.” Jahresberichte der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung 26: 56–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • CPAE 3. 1993. Martin J. Klein, A. J. Kox, Jürgen Renn, and Robert Schulmann (eds.), The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein. Vol. 3. The Swiss Years: Writings, 1909–1911. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • CPAE 6. 1996. A. J. Kox, Martin J. Klein, and Robert Schulmann (eds.), The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein. Vol. 6. The Berlin Years: Writings, 1914–1917. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • CPAE 8. 1998. Robert Schulmann, A. J. Kox, Michel Janssen, and József Illy (eds.), The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein. Vol. 8. The Berlin Years: Correspondence, 1914–1918. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies, H. and T. A. Caplan. 1971. “The Space-Time Metric inside a Rotating Cylinder.” Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 69: 325–327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Earman, John and Michel Janssen. 1993. “Einstein's Explanation of the Motion of Mercury's Perihelion.” In John Earman, Michel Janssen, and John D. Norton (eds.) The Attraction of Gravitation: New Studies in the History of General Relativity (Einstein Studies, vol. 5), 129–172. Boston: Birkhäuser.

    Google Scholar 

  • Einstein, Albert. 1911. “Über den Einfluβ der Schwerkraft auf die Ausbreitung des Lichtes.” Annalen der Physik 35: 898–908, (CPAE 3, Doc. 23).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1915a. “Zur allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie (Nachtrag).” Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1915: 799–801, (CPAE 6, Doc. 22).

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1915b. “Erklärung der Perihelbewegung des Merkur aus der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie.” Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1915: 831–839, (CPAE 6, Doc. 24).

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1916. “Die Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie.” Annalen der Physik 49: 769–822, (CPAE 6, Doc. 30).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1917. “Kosmologische Betrachtungen zur allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie.” Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1917: 142–152, (CPAE 6, Doc. 43).

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenstaedt, Jean. 1982. “Histoire et singularités de la solution de Schwarzschild (1915–1923).” Archive for History of Exact Sciences 27: 157–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1987. “Trajectoires et impasses de la solution de Schwarzschild.” Archive for History of Exact Sciences 37: 275–357.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1989. “The Early Interpretation of the Schwarzschild Solution.” In Don Howard and John Stachel (eds.), Einstein and the History of General Relativity. (Einstein Studies vol. 1.) Boston/Basel/Berlin: Birkhäuser, 213–233.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frehland, Eckart. 1972. “Exact gravitational field of the infinitely long rotating hollow cylinder.” Communications in mathematical physics 26: 307–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hentschel, Klaus. 1993. “The Conversion of St. John. A Case Study on the Interplay of Theory and Experiment.” In Mara Beller, Robert S. Cohen, and Jürgen Renn (eds.), Einstein in Context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 137–194.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1997. The Einstein Tower. An Intertexture of Dynamic Construction, Relativity Theory, and Astronomy. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Israel, Werner. 1987. “Dark Stars: the evolution of an idea.” In Stephen Hawking and Werner Israel (eds.), Three Hundred Years of Gravitation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 199–276.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerszberg, Pierre. 1989. “The Einstein—de Sitter Controversy of 1916–1917 and the Rise of Relativistic Cosmology.” In Don Howard and John Stachel (eds.). Einstein and the History of General Relativity. (Einstein Studies vol. 1.) Boston/Basel/Berlin: Birkhäuser, 325–366.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1989a. The Invented Universe. The Einstein—De Sitter Controversy (1916–17) and the Rise of Relativistic Cosmology. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laue, Max von. 1917. “Die Nordströmsche Gravitationstheorie.” Jahrbuch der Radioaktivität und Elektronik 14: 263–313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lense, Joseph, and Hans Thirring. 1918. “Über den Einfluβ der Eigenrotation der Zentralkörper auf die Bewegung der Planeten und Monde nach der Einsteinschen Gravitationstheorie.” Physikalische Zeitschrift 19: 156–163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norton, John. 1999. “The Cosmological Woes of Newtonian Gravitation Theory.” In Hubert Goenner, Jürgen Renn, Jim Ritter, and Tilman Sauer (eds.), The Expanding Worlds of General Relativity. (Einstein Studies vol. 7.) Boston/Basel/Berlin: Birkhäuser, 271–323.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poincaré, Henri. 1902. La Science et l'hypothèse. Paris: E. Flammarion.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schemmel, Matthias. 2005. “An Astronomical Road to General Relativity: The Continuity between Classical and Relativistic Cosmology in the Work of Karl Schwarzschild.” Science in Context 18:451–478.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarzschild, Karl. 1897. “Was in der Welt ruht.” Die Zeit. Vol. 11, No. 142, 19 June 1897, Vienna, 181–183. (English translation in this volume.) [The page numbers given in the text refer to (Schwarzschild 1992) wherein this article is reprinted.]

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1900. “Über das zulässige Krümmungsmaass des Raumes.” Vierteljahrsschrift der Astronomischen Gesellschaft 35: 337–347.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1909. Über das System der Fixsterne: Aus populären Vorträgen. Naturwissenschaftliche Vorträge und Schriften No.1. Leipzig: Teubner, 39–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1913. “Antrittsrede des Hrn. Schwarzschild.” Sitzungsberichte der königlich preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1913: 596–600.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1914. “Über die Verschiebung der Bande bei 3883 Å im Sonnenspektrum.” Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1914: 1201–1213.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1916a. “Über das Gravitationsfeld eines Massenpunktes nach der Einsteinschen Theorie.” Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1916: 189–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1916b. “Über das Gravitationsfeld einer Kugel aus inkompressibler Flüssigkeit nach der Einsteinschen Theorie.” Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1916: 424–434.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1992. Gesammelte Werke, Vol. 3, Hans H. Voigt (ed.). Berlin: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seeliger, Hugo von. 1913. “Bemerkungen über die sogenannte absolute Bewegung, Raum und Zeit.” Vierteljahrsschrift der Astronomischen Gesellschaft 48: 195–201.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sommerfeld, Arnold. 2000–2004.Wissenschaftlicher Briefwechsel (2 vols.), Michael Eckert and Karl Märker (eds.). Berlin: Verlag für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik.

    Google Scholar 

  • St. John, Charles E. 1910. “The General Circulation of the Mean- and High-Level Calcium Vapour in the Solar Atmosphere.” Astrophysical Journal 32: 36–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ——. 1910–11. “Motion and Condition of Calcium Vapour over Sun-Spots and Other Special Regions.” Astrophysical Journal 34: 57–78, 131–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stachel, John. 1983. “The gravitational fields of some rotating and nonrotating cylindrical shells of matter.” Journal of Mathematical Physics 25: 338–341.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stockum, W. J. van. 1937. “The Gravitational Field of a Distribution of Particles Rotating about an Axis of Symmetry.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 57: 135–154.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thirring, Hans. 1918. “Über die Wirkung rotierender ferner Massen in der Einsteinschen Gravitationstheorie.” Physikalische Zeitschrift 19: 33–39.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Matthias Schemmel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Minnesota, USA

    Michel Janssen

  2. University of Pittsburgh, USA

    John D. Norton

  3. Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Germany

    Jürgen Renn

  4. Einstein Papers Project, Caltech, USA

    Tilman Sauer

  5. Boston University, USA

    John Stachel

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schemmel, M. (2007). The Continuity Between Classical and Relativistic Cosmology in the Work of Karl Schwarzschild. In: Janssen, M., Norton, J.D., Renn, J., Sauer, T., Stachel, J. (eds) The Genesis of General Relativity. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, vol 250. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4000-9_16

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation