Skip to main content

General Biology of Bark Beetles

  • Chapter

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Amezaga, I., & Rodriguez, M.A. 1998. Resource partitioning of four sympatric bark beetles depending on swarming dates and tree species. Forest Ecology and Management, 109, 127–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderbrandt, O. 1985. Dispersal of reemerged spruce bark beetles, Ips typographus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae): a mark-recapture experiment. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 99, 21–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderbrandt, O. 1986. A model for the temperature and density dependent reemergence of the bark beetle Ips typographus. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 40, 81–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderbrandt, O. 1988a. Survival of parent and brood adult bark beetles, Ips typographus, in relation to size, lipid content and re-emergence or emergence day. Physiological Entomology, 13, 121–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderbrandt, O. 1988b. Reproduction and competition in the spruce barkbeetle Ips typographus. Thesis Lund University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderbrandt, O., & Löfqvist, J. 1988. Relation between first and second brood production in the bark beetle Ips typographus (Scolytidae). Oikos, 53, 357–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderbrandt, O., & Schlyter, F. 1989. Causes and effects of individual quality in bark beetles. Holartic Ecology, 12, 488–493.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderbrandt, O., Schlyter, F., & Birgersson, G. 1985. Intraspecific competition affecting parents and offspring in the bark beetle Ips typographus. Oikos, 45,89–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Annila, E. 1969. Influence of temperature upon the development and voltinism of Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera, Scolytidae). Annales Zoologici Fennici, 6, 161–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Annila, E. 1971. Sex ratio in Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae). Annales Entomologici Fennici, 37, 7–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Austarå, Ø., & Midtgaard, F. 1986. On the longevity of Ips typographus L. adults. Journal of Applied Entomology, 102, 106–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Austarå, Ø., Midtgaard, F., & Sæther, T. 1993. Densities of hibernating Ips typographus in the forest litter around attacked and killed spruce trees, with records of spring emergence and flight patterns. Meddelelser fra Skogfosk, 46, 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bakke, A. 1968. Ecological studies on bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) associated with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Norway with particular reference to the influence of temperature. Meddelelser fra det Norske Skogforsøksvesen,83,441–602.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bakke, A., & Strand, L. 1981. [In Norwegian] Pheromones and traps as part of an integrated control of the spruce bark beetles. Some results from a control program in Norway in 1979 and 1980. Rapport fra det Norsk Institutt for Skogforskning, 5, 1–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balachowsky, A. 1949. Faune de France. 50. Coléoptères Scolytides Paris: Librairie de la Faculté des Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barson, G. 1974. Some effects of freezing temperatures on overwintering larvae of the large elm bark beetle (Scolytus scolytus). Annals of Applied Biology, 78,219–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berryman, A.A. 1982. Population Dynamics of Bark Beetles. In: Bark beetles of North American Conifers. A System for the Study of Evolutionary Ecology, J.B. Mitton,K.B. Sturgeon (Eds.). Austin: University of Texas Press, 264–314.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berryman, A.A. 1987. The Theory and Classification of Outbreaks. In: Insect Outbreaks, P. Barbosa, J.C. Schultz (Eds.). San Diego: Academic Press, 3–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biermann, G.M. 1977. Zur Überwinterung des Buchdruckers, Ips typographus (L.), in der Bodenstreu (Col., Scolytidae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 84, 59–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Birgersson, G., Schlyter, F., Bergström, G., & Löfqvist, J. 1988. Individual variation in aggregation pheromone content of bark beetle Ips typographus. Journal of Chemical Ecology 14, 1737–61.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bombosch, S. 1954. Zur Epidemiologie des Buchdruckers (Ips typographus L.). In: Die Grosse Borkenkäferkalamität in Südwestdeutschland 1944-51, G. Wellenstein (Ed.). Ulm: Forstschutzstelle Südwest, Ringingen, Ebner, 239–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Botterweg, P.F. 1982. Dispersal and flight behaviour of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus in relation to sex, size, and fat content. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 94, 466–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Botterweg, P.F. 1983. The effect of attack density on size, fat content and emergence of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus L. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 96, 47–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bouhot, L., Lieutier, F., & Debouzie, D. 1988. Spatial and temporal distribution of attacks by Tomicus piniperda L. and Ips sexdentatus Boern. (Col., Scolytidae) on Pinussylvestris. Journal of Applied Entomology, 106, 356–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Byers, J.A., & Löfqvist, J. 1989. Flight initiation and survival inthe bark beetle Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) during the spring dispersal. Holartic Ecology, 12, 432–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chararas, C. 1962. Scolytides des Conifères Paris: Paul Lechevalier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chararas, C. 1973. Faculté d’adaptation d’ Orthotomicus erosus Woll. á des conifèresautres que ses essences hôtes habituelles. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences, D, 276, 555–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chararas, C. 1983. Régime alimentaire et activités osidasiques des insectes xylophages. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France,108, 389–97.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chararas, C., Revolon, C., Feinberg, M., & Ducauze, C. 1982. Preference of certain Scolytidae for different conifers. Journal of chemical Ecology,8, 1093–1109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coulson, R.N. 1979. Population dynamics of bark beetles. Annual Review of Entomology, 24, 417–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Jong, M.C.M., & Grijpma, P. 1986. Competition between larvae of Ips typographus. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 41,121–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Jong, M.C.M., &Saarenmaa, H. 1983. A mechanistic simulation model for the movement and competition of bark beetle larvae (Coleoptera, Scolytidae. Ecological Modelling, 27, 109–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Jong, M.C.M., &Sabelis, M.W. 1988. How bark beetles avoid interference with squatters: an ESS for colonization by Ips typographus. Oikos, 51,88–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duelli, P., Studer, M., & Näf, W. 1986. Der Borkenkäferflugauβerhalb des Waldes. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 102,139–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duelli, P., Zahradnik, P., Knizek, M., & Kalinova, B. 1997. Migration in spruce bark beetles (Ips typographus L.) and the efficiency of pheromone traps. Journal of Applied Entomology, 121, 297–303.

    Google Scholar 

  • Escherich, K. 1923. Die Forstinsekten Mitteleuropas. 2. Käfer Berlin: Paul Parey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez Fernandez, M.M., & Pajares Alonso, J.A. 1999. Shoot feeding and overwintering in the lesser pine shoot beetle Tomicus minor (Col., Scolytidae) in north-west Spain. Journal of Applied Entomology, 123, 321–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fettig, C.J., Fidgen, J., McClellan, Q.C., & Salom, S.M. 2001. Sampling Methods for Forest and Shade Tree Insects of North America. USDA Forest Service FHTET-2001-01.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forsse, E. 1987. Flight duration in Ips typographus L.: insensitivity to nematode infection. Journal of Applied Entomology, 104, 326–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forsse, E. 1989. Migration in bark beetles with special reference to thespruce bark beetle Ips typographus. Thesis Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, Uppsala.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forsse, E. 1991. Flight propensity and diapause incidence in fivepopulations of the bark beetle Ips typographus in Scandinavia. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 61, 53–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forsse, E., & Solbreck C. 1985. Migration in the bark beetle Ips typographus L.: duration, timing and height of flight. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 100, 47–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franklin, A.J., & Grégoire, J.C. 1999. Flight behaviour of Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) in an environment without pheromones. Annals of Forest Science,56, 591–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Führer, E. 1977. Studien über intraspezifische Inkompatibilität bei Pityogenes chalcographus L. (Col., Scolytidae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 83,286–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Führer, E., & Chen, Z.Y. 1979. Zum Einfluβ von Photoperiode und Temperatur auf die Entwicklung des Kupferstechers, Pityogenes chalcographus L. (Col., Scolytidae). Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt, 98, 87–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gehrken, U. 1984. Winter survival of an adult bark beetle Ips acuminatus Gyll. Journal of Insect Physiology, 30, 421–29.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gehrken, U. 1985. Physiology of diapause in the adult bark beetle, Ips acuminatus Gyll., studied in relation to cold hardiness. Journal of Insect Physiology, 31,909–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gehrken, U. 1989. Supercooling and thermal hysteresis in the adult bark beetle, Ips acuminatus Gyll. Journal of Insect Physiology, 35, 347–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gehrken, U. 1992. Inoculative freezing and thermal hysteresis in the adult beetles Ips acuminatus and Rhagium inquisitor. Journal of Insect Physiology,38, 519–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gehrken, U. 1995. Correlative influence of gut appearance, water content and thermal hysteresis on whole body supercooling point of adult bark beetles,Ips acuminatus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. A: Physiology, 112, 207–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, M. 2001. Spatial Ecology of Dendroctonus micans (Kug.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Thesis Université Libre de Bruxelles.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grégoire, J.C. 1988. The Greater European Spruce Beetle. In: Dynamics of Forest Insect Populations A.A. Berryman (Ed.). New York: Plenum Press, 455–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grégoire, J.C., Braekman, J.C., & Tondeur, A. 1982. Chemical Communication between the Larvae of Dendroctonus micans Kug. (Coleoptera, Scolytidae). In: Les mediateurs chimiques agissant sur le comportement des insectes. Symposium international. Versailles, 16-20 novembre 1981. Paris: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 253–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gries, G. 1985. Zur Frage des Dispersion des Buchdruckers (Ips typographus L). Zeitschriftfür Angewandte Entomologie, 99, 12–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gries, G. 1986. Zur Bedeutung des Reifungsfrasses für die Dispersion des Kupferstechers, Pityogenes chalcographus L., (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Zoologie, 73, 267–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grünwald, M. 1986. Ecological segregation of bark beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) of spruce. Journal of Applied Entomology, 101, 176–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, L.O., & Sømme, L. 1994. Cold hardiness of the elm bark beetle Scolytus laevis Chapuis, 1873 (Col., Scolytidae) and its potential as Dutch elm disease vector in the northernmost elm forests of Europe. Journal of Applied Entomology, 117, 444–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Helland, I.S., Hoff, J.M., & Anderbrandt, O. 1984. Attraction of bark beetles (Scolytidae) to a pheromone trap. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 10,723–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jactel, H. 1991. Dispersal and flight behaviour of Ips sexdentatus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in pine forest. Annales des Sciences Forestières, 48, 417–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jactel, H. 1993. Individual variability of the flight potential of Ips sexdentatus Boern.(Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in relation to day of emergence, sex, size, and lipid content. The Canadian Entomologist, 125, 919–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jactel, H., & Lieutier, F. 1987. Effects of attack density on fecundity of the scots pine beetle Ips sexdentatus Boern (Col.; Scolytidae). Zeitschrift fürAngewandte Entomologie, 104, 190–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jakuš, R. 1995. Bark beetle (Col., Scolytidae) communities and host and site factors on tree level in Norway spruce primeval natural forest. Journal of Applied Entomology, 119, 643–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jakuš, R. 1998. Patch level variation on bark beetle attack (Col., Scolytidae) on snapped and uprooted trees in Norway spruce primeval natural forest in endemic condition: effects of host and insolation. Journal of Applied Entomology, 122, 409–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jakuš, R., Grodzki, W., Jezìk, M., & Jachym, M. 2003. Definition of Spatial Patterns of Bark Beetle Ips typographus (L.) Outbreak Spreading in Tatra Mountains (Central Europe), Using GIS. In: Proceedings: Ecology, Survey and Management of Forest Insects, 2002 September 1-5, Krakòw, Poland, M.L. McManus, A.M. Liebhold (Eds). USDA Forest Service General Technical Report NE-311, 25–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janin, J.L., & Lieutier, F. 1988. Existence de fécondations précoces dans le cycle biologique de Tomicus piniperda L. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) en forêt d’Orléans. Agronomie, 8, 169–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirkendall, L.R. 1983. The evolution of mating systems in bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 77, 293–352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirkendall, L.R. 1989. Within-harem competition among Ips females, an overlooked component of density-dependent larval mortality. Holarctic Ecology, 12, 477–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirkendall, L.R. 1990. Sperm is a limiting resource in pseudogamous bark beetle Ips acuminatus (Scolytidae). Oikos, 57, 80–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klipstein, E.L. 1986. Cytologie und Spermapolyploidie bei Pityogenes chalcographus L. (Col.,Scolytidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 102, 285–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koponen, M. 1980. Distribution of Ips amitinus Eichhoff (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in Finland in 1974-1979. Notulae Entomologicae,60, 223–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krauβe-Opatz, B., Köhler, U., & Schopf, R. 1995. Zum energetischen Status von Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) während Jungkäferentwicklung, Überwinterung, Dispersion und Eiablage. Journal of Applied Entomology, 119, 185–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Långström, B. 1980. Distribution of pine shoot beetle attacks within the crown of Scots pine. Studia Forestalia Suecica, 154, 1–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Långström, B. 1983a. Life cycles and shoot feeding of the pine shoot beetles. Studia Forestalia Suecica, 163, 1–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Långström, B. 1983b. Within-tree development of Tomicus minor (Hart.) (Col., Scolytidae) in wind-thrown Scots pine. Acta Entomologica Fennica, 42, 42–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Långström, B., & Hellqvist, C. 1990. Spatial distribution of crown damage and growth losses caused by recurrent attacks of pine shoot beetles in pine stands surrounding a pulp mill in southern Sweden. Journal of Applied Entomology, 110, 261–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lanne, B.S., Schlyter, F., Byers, J.A., Löfqvist, J., Leufvén, A., Bergström, G., Van Der Pers, J.N.C., Unelius, R., Baeckström, P., & Norin, T. 1987. Differences in attraction to semiochemicals present in sympatric pine shoot beetles, Tomicus minor and T. piniperda. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 13, 1045–67.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lieutier, F. 1975. Humidité et dessèchement en milieu sous-cortical : conséquences pour la faune associée. Annales de Zoologie Ècologie Animale, 7, 171–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieutier, F. 1982. Les variations pondérales du tissu adipeux et des ovaires, et les variations de longueur des ovocytes, chez Ips sexdentatus Boern. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae); relations avec le parasitisme par les nématodes. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 57, 407–18.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lieutier, F. 1983. Variations du volume et de la concentration en protéines et en acides aminés de l’hémolymphe chez les adultes d’Ips sexdentatus Boern. (Coleoptera, Scolytidae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 95, 447–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lieutier, F., Vouland, G., & Pettinetti, M. 1997. Test de choix de pins méditerranéens par les Scolytides et autres insectes xylophages en conditions naturelles. Revue Forestière Française, 49, 215–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lobinger, G. von, & Skatulla, U. 1996. Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Sonnenlicht auf das Schwarmverhalten von Borkenkäfern. Anzeiger für Schadlingskunde Pflanzenschutz Umweltschutz, 69, 183–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Netherer, S. 2003. Modelling of bark beetle development and of site- and stand-related predisposition to Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). A contribution to risk assessment. Thesis Universität für Bodenkultur Wien.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilssen, A.C. 1978. Spatial attack pattern of the bark beetle Tomicus piniperda L. (Col., Scolytidae). Norwegian Journal of Entomology, 25, 171–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nilssen, A.C. 1984. Long-range aerial dispersal of bark beetles and bark weevils (Coleoptera, Scolytidae and Curculionidae) in northern Finland. Annales Entomologici Fennici, 50, 37–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogibin, B. N. 1973. [In Russian] Effect of settlement density on Ips typographus fecundity. Ecologiya, 5, 66–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Otto, L.F., & Schreiber, J. 2001. Spatial patterns of the distribution of trees infected by Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in the National Park "Sächsische Schweiz" from 1996 to 2000. Journal of Forest Science, 47, 139–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paynter, Q.E., Anderbrandt, O., & Schlyter, F. 1990. Behavior of male and female spruce bark beetles, Ips typographus, on the bark of host trees during mass attack. Journal of Insect Behavior, 3, 529–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pignal, M.C., Chararas, C., & Bourgeay-Causse M. 1988. Yeasts from Ips sexdentatus (Scolytidae): enzymatic activity and vitamin excretion. Mycopathologia, 103, 43–48.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ratzeburg, J.T.C. 1839. Die Forst-Insekten. 1. Die Käfer. Berlin: Nicolai.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riedl, H.W. 1973. Aspects of the feeding behavior of Scolytus multistriatus, the primary vector of Dutch Elm disease, and a critical evaluation of present chemical control measures. Dissertation Abstracts International, B, 34, 2678.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudinsky, J.A., & Ryker, L.C. 1977. Olfactory and auditory signals mediating behavioral patterns of bark beetles. In: Colloques Internationaux du C.N.R.S. 265. Comportement des insectes et milieu trophique, 195–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saarenmaa, H. 1983. Modeling the spatial pattern and intraspecific competition in Tomicus piniperda (Coleoptera, Scolytidae). Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae, 118, 1–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saarenmaa, H. 1985. Within-tree population dynamics models for integrated management of Tomicus piniperda (Coleoptera, Scolytidae). Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae, 128, 1–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sahota, T.S., & Thomson, A.J. 1979. Temperature induced variation in the rates of reproductive processes in Dendroctonus rufipennis (Coleoptera: Scolytidae): a new approach to detecting changes in population quality. The Canadian Entomologist, 111, 1069–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salonen, K. 1973. On the life cycle, especially on the reproduction biology of Blastophagus piniperda L. (Col., Scolytidae). Acta Forestalia Fennica, 127, 5–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, W. 1983. Untersuchungen über das Verhalten des Kupferstechers Pityogenes chalcographus L. während der Flugphase. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 96, 125–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sauvard, D. 1989. Capacités de multiplication de Tomicus piniperda L. (Col., Scolytidae). 1. Effets de la densité d’attaque. Journal of Applied Entomology, 108, 164–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sauvard, D. 1993. Reproductive capacity of Tomicus piniperda L. (Col., Scolytidae). 2. Analysis of the various sister broods. Journal of Applied Entomology, 116, 25–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sauvard, D., Lieutier, F., & Lévieux, J. 1987. Répartition spatiale et dispersion de Tomicus piniperda L. (Coleoptera Scolytidae) en forêt d’Orléans. Annales des Sciences Forestières, 44, 417–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schlyter, F., & Anderbrandt, O. 1993. Competition and niche separation between two bark beetles: existence and mechanisms. Oikos, 68, 437–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schlyter, F., & Löfqvist, J. 1990. Colonization pattern in the pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda: effects of host declination, structure and presence of conspecifics. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 54, 163–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder, L.M., & Lindelöw, Å. 2002. Attacks on living spruce trees by the bark beetle Ips typographus (Col. Scolytidae) following a storm-felling: a comparison between stands with and without removal of wind-felled trees. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 4,47–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder, L.M., & Risberg, B. 1989. Establishment of a new brood in Tomicus piniperda (L.) (Col., Scolytidae) after a second hibernation. Journal of Applied Entomology, 108, 27–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwenke, W. 1974. Die Forstschädlinge Europas. 2. Käfer Hamburg: Paul Parey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Storer, A.J., Wainhouse, D., & Speight, M.R. 1997. The effect of larval aggregation behaviour on larval growth of the spruce bark beetle Dendroctonus micans. Ecological Entomology, 22, 109–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thalenhorst, W. 1958. Grundzüge der Populationsdynamik des groβen Fichtenborkenkäfers Ips typographus L. Schriftenreihe der Forstlichen Fakultät der Universität Göttingen, 21, 1–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vouland, G., & Schvester, D. 1994. Bionomie et développement de Dendroctonus micans Kug. (Col., Scolytidae) dans le Massif central. Annales des Sciences Forestières, 51, 505–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wainhouse, D., & Beech-Garwood, P. 1994. Growth and survival of Dendroctonus micans on six species of conifer. Journal of Applied Entomology, 117, 393–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, C., & Ross, R. 1975. A comparison of maturation feeding of the elm bark beetles Scolytus scolytus (F.) and S. multistriatus (Marsh.) on English elm (Ulmus procera Salisb.) and six other elm taxa. Plant Pathology, 24, 187–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wellington, W.G. 1977. Returning the insect to insect ecology: some consequences for pest management. Environmental Entomology, 6, 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wermelinger, B. 2000. Wie viele Borkenkäfer überleben den Winter? Bündnerwald, 53, 67–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wichmann, L., & Ravn, H.P. 2001. The spread of Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) attacks following heavy windthrow in Denmark, analysed using GIS. Forest Ecology and Management, 148, 31–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wood, D.L. 1982. The role of pheromones, kairomones, and allomones in the host selection and colonization behavior of bark beetles. Annual Review of Entomology, 27, 411–46.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wood, S.L. 1982. The bark and ambrosia beetles of North and Central America (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), a taxonomic monograph. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zolubas, P., & Byers, J.A. 1995. Recapture of dispersing bark beetles, Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) in pheromone-baited traps: regression models. Journal of Applied Entomology, 119, 285–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zumr, V. 1985. [In Czech] Communities of beetles (Coleoptera) in the feeding sites of bark-beetles (Scolytidae) on Norway spruce (Picea excelsa Link.) in southern Bohemia. Sbornik Jihoceskeho Muzea V Ceskych Budejovicich Prirodni Vedy, 25, 45–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zumr, V. 1992. Dispersal of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) (Col., Scolytidae) in spruce woods. Journal of Applied Entomology, 114, 348–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zumr, V., & Soldàn, T. 1981. Reproductive cycle of Ips typographus I amitinus and Pityogenes chalcographus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 78, 280–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zumr, V., Nemec, V., & Stary, P. 1985. Seasonal changes in the nutrient content in the bodies of Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 100, 464–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sauvard, D. (2007). General Biology of Bark Beetles. In: Lieutier, F., Day, K.R., Battisti, A., Grégoire, JC., Evans, H.F. (eds) Bark and Wood Boring Insects in Living Trees in Europe, a Synthesis. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2241-8_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2241-8_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-2240-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-2241-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics