Abstract
The geography of transport demand is neglected by many scholars. It is, for example, excluded by Smith from the threefold aims of transport geography which he identifies.1 It finds no mention in Appleton’s methodological paper,2 and it is almost absent from the methodology sketched in standard texts.3 Perle, it is true, offers a study of the demand for transportation, but he focuses almost entirely upon the price elasticities of demand, chiefly as they determine the sharing of traffic between road and rail transport.4 Yet the systematic study of demand is important for two reasons. Firstly, without a prior understanding of demand any explanation of routes and flows will necessarily be incomplete. Secondly, it is the study of transport demand which links geography most clearly to the rest of geography. The patterns of production and consumption, population, residence and employment are the classical topics of geographic investigation; they are also the fundamental raw material for an investigation of transport demand.
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References
R. H. T. Smith, Towards a measure of complementarity, Economic Geography, 40 (1964), pp. 1–8.
J. H. Appleton, A Morphological Approach to the Geography of Transport, University of Hull, Occasional Papers in Geography, No. 3 (1965).
H. H. McCarty and J. B. Lindberg, A Preface to Economic Geography, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1966), chapter 9.
E. D. Perle, The Demand for Transportation: regional commodity studies in the United States, University of Chicago, Department of Geography Research Paper No. 95 (1964).
R. N. Taaffe, Rail Transportation and the Economic Development of Soviet Central Asia, University of Chicago, Department of Geography Research Paper No. 64 (1960), pp. 104, 106 and 127.
For examples see Traffic in Towns, Penguin, Harmondsworth (1964), pp. 52 and 82–3.
K. R. Cox, The application of linear programming to geographic problems, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 56 (1965), pp. 228–36.
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The inverse of this argument is apparently accepted in H. P. White, The movement of export crops in Nigeria, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 54 (1963), p. 248.
G. Manners, Transport costs, freight rates, and the changing economic geography of iron ore, Geography, 52 (1967), pp. 260–79.
Ibid., p 276.
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Ibid., p. 25.
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For a discussion of this point see T. E. Kuhn, The economics of transportation planning in urban areas, in Transportation Research, National Bureau of Economic Research and Columbia University Press, New York (1965), pp. 297–326.
G. Norstrom, Seasonal variations in the employment of bulk cargo tonnage, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 52 (1961), pp. 119–28.
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For seasonal factors in European air transport see S. F. Wheatcroft, The Economics of European Air Transport, University Press, Manchester (1956), chapter 4.
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S. Gregory, Statistical Methods and the Geographer, Longmans, London (1963), chapter 3.
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Ibid., pp. 24–5.
J. E. Freund and F. J. Williams, Modern Business Statistics, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1958), chapters 17–19.
An analysis which complements this discussion (though orientated towards the location of industry) is O. Lindberg, An economic geographical study of the localisation of the Swedish paper industry, Geografiska Annaler, 35 (1953), pp. 28–40.
W. A. Mackintosh, Prairie Settlement: the geographical setting, Macmillan, Toronto (1934), especially chapter 3.
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A general account can be found in J. B. Mitchell, Historical Geography, English Universities Press, London (1954), chapter 7.
D. St J. Thomas, The Rural Transport Problem, Dartington Hall studies in rural sociology, Routledge Kegan Paul, London (1963).
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For a simple introduction to the concept see M. Chisholm, Geography and Economics, Bell, London (1966), pp. 40–4.
For an example see J. E. Martin, Greater London: an industrial geography, Bell, London (1966), pp. 15–23.
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Hay, A. (1973). Transport Demand. In: Transport for the Space Economy. Focal Problems in Geography Series. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-86191-0_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-86191-0_2
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