Abstract
Starting 6 June 2013, The Washington Post began to publish a steady stream of revelations about the National Security Agency, including the special-source operations code named Upstream and PRISM (see Gellman, 2013). According to the June 6 article, the US and British governments have been mining vast amounts of global signals data from fibre cables as well as directly from the servers of nine major American Internet service providers and telecommunications companies. These programs perhaps represent the most robust strategic surveillance of American and global populations thus far revealed historically. Broadly speaking, the programs function in at least two ways. The first is a reactive and tactical function: to mine and query the ‘big data’ to build target packages against specific targets. This tactical surveillance, to cite Donald Rumsfeld (2003: 2) from a Department of Defence news briefing in 2002, tries to get at the ‘known unknowns’ — that is to say, the things that are known to be unknown. The second is a proactive and strategic function: applying complex mathematical processing of data flows to conduct human social linkage analysis (Barria, 2013). In other words, the purpose is to potentially get at Rumsfeld’s ‘unknown unknowns’, the things we don’t know that we don’t know.
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© 2014 John Edward Deukmedjian
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Deukmedjian, J.E. (2014). Securitization, Infopolitics and the Suppression of Liberty. In: Gill, M. (eds) The Handbook of Security. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-67284-4_40
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