Abstract
The Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic was formed from those regions of Bokhara and Turkestan where the population consisted mainly of Tajiks. It was admitted as a constituent republic of the Soviet Union on 5 Dec. 1929. In Aug. 1990 the Tajik Supreme Soviet adopted a declaration of republican sovereignty and in Sept. 1991 Tajikistan declared independence. In Dec. 1991 the republic became a member of the CIS. After demonstrations and fighting, the Communist government was replaced by a Revolutionary Coalition Council on 7 May 1992. Following further demonstrations, President Nabiev was ousted on 7 Sept. Civil war broke out, and the government resigned on 10 Nov. On 30 Nov. it was announced that a CIS peacekeeping force would be sent to Tajikistan. A state of emergency was imposed in Jan. 1993. On 23 Dec. 1996 a ceasefre was signed. A further agreement on 8 March 1997 provided for the disarmament of the Islamic-led insurgents, the United Tajik Opposition, and their eventual integration into the regular armed forces. A peace agreement brokered by Iran and Russia was signed in Moscow on 27 June 1997 stipulating that the opposition should have 30% of ministerial posts in a Commission of National Reconciliation. President Rakhmon (formerly Rakhmonov), frst elected in 1994, won a second term in 1999. The country’s first multi-party parliamentary election was held in Feb. 2000, although it was criticized by observers for failing to meet democratic standards.
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Further Reading
Abdullaev, K. and Akbarzadeh, S., Historical Dictionary of Tajikistan. 2002
Akiner, S., Tajikistan: Disintegration or Reconciliation? 2001
Djalili, M. R. (ed.) Tajikistan: Te Trials of Independence. 1998
Jonson, Lena, Tajikistan in the New Central Asia: Geopolitics, Great Power Rivalry and Radical Islam. 2006
National Statistical Office: Statistical Agency under President of the Republic of Tajikistan, 17 Bokhtar St., Dushanbe.
Website: http://www.stat.tj
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Turner, B. (2011). Tajikistan. In: Turner, B. (eds) The Statesman’s Yearbook. The Statesman’s Yearbook. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-59051-3_326
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-59051-3_326
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