Abstract
Evolutionary genetics has two parallel thrusts: the reconstruction of phylogenies and the analysis of populations. Since 1962, when Zuckerkandl and Pauling1 proposed that comparison of the sequences of proteins and genes could be used as a molecular clock to date the divergence of extant species, a variety of biochemical methods has been used for phylogenetic studies. Electrophoretic analysis of isozymes, immunological comparisons, and protein sequencing were extensively used in the first two decades and, more recently, DNA-DNA hybridization and ribosomal RNA sequencing have made a major contribution to systematics.2 Most of these techniques are limited because they estimate sequence difference instead of measuring it directly.
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Kocher, T.D., White, T.J. (1989). Evolutionary Analysis via PCR. In: Erlich, H.A. (eds) PCR Technology. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20235-5_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20235-5_13
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
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