Abstract
Political events in Southern Africa after 1974 were crucial in shaping East European perceptions of the prospects for importing raw materials. Trade within the CMEA itself had failed to expand up till then, largely because of deficiencies of central planning. The East Europeans now hoped to apply the lessons they had learned in trading with each other to the not dissimilar problems they had begun to encounter in trading with the developing world.
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Notes and References
Kulpolitika (Hungarian Institute of International Affairs) No 1, 1977, p. 132.
L. Zevin, ‘New Concepts of Economic Development and International Cooperation in Third World Countries’ Voprosy Ekonomika, 1978; See also Multilateral Schemes of the Countries of the CMEA and Opportunities for Developing Countries in Trade and Economic Cooperation Resulting from the Implementation of these Schemes, UNCTAD TD/B/AC 23/3, April 1977.
For a discussion see Trade Relations between Countries having Different Economic and Social Systems, UNCTAD TD/B/754, August 1979.
Planovoje Khozjastvo 2, 1977, p. 57.
Trybuna Ludu 1 May 1978.
F. Bartha, ‘Some Ideas on the Creation of a Multilateral Clearing System among the CMEA’, Soviet and East European Foreign Trade, Spring 1976.
Hans Siegfried Lamm/Siegfried Kupper, DDR und die Dritte Welt (Munich: 1976).
Anatoly Gromyko, ‘Africa in the Strategy of Neocolonialism’, International Affairs, (Moscow) February 1978, p. 86.
Melvin Croan, East Germany and the Soviet Connection (Beverley Hills: Sage, 1976) p. 51.
See the testimony of Michael Keren in East European Economies, US Congress Joint Economic Committee (Washington, 1977) p. 722.
Tibor Kiss, (ed.), The Market of Socialist Economic Integration: Selected Conference Papers (Budapest: Academiai Kiado, 1973) p. 16.
G. Grabig/G. Brendel, Commodity Market Relations in Socialist Economic Integration (1975) p. 19.
Jochen Bethkenhagen, ‘Energy Sector of the German Economy Faces Difficult Tasks’, Deutschland Archiv, No 5, May 1981, pp. 505–6.
African Economic Digest, 3:39, October 1982.
Dieter Braun, The Indian Ocean: Region of Conflict or Peace Zone? (London: Hurst and Co., 1983) p. 8.
Dmitry Volsky, ‘A Strategy without a Future’, New Times, 3 August 1978.
Dmitry Volsky, ‘Southern Version of NATO’, New Times, 25, September 1978.
Donald Mitchell, A History of Russian and Soviet Seapower (London: Macmillan, 1974) p. 546.
Peter Janke, ‘The Soviet Strategy of Mineral Denial’, Soviet Analyst, 7:22 November 1978, p. 5.
The Challenge of Soviet Shipping (London: Aims of Industry, 1983) p. 9.
James Ellis, ‘Expansion of the Soviet Merchant Fleet — Implications for the West’, NATO Review, 3, 1979, pp. 22 (ref. 4).
S. Lukyanchenko, Foreign Trade No 1, 1977, p. 23.
Michael Davidchik/Robert Mahoney, ‘Soviet Civil Fleets in the Third World’, in Bradford Dismukes/James McConnel, Soviet Naval Policy in the Third World (New York: Pergammon, 1979).
William Black, ‘Soviet Fishery Agreements with Developing Countries’, Marine Policy, 7:3, July 1983, p. 169.
Wall St Journal (Europe), 26 July 1983.
Robert Athay, ‘Perspectives on Soviet Merchant Shipping’, in Michael McGwire (ed.), Soviet Naval Developments (New York: Praeger, 1973) p. 101.
David Scrivener, ‘Merchant Marine in Soviet Naval Strategy’, Marine Policy 7:2, April 1983, p. 119.
Anatoly Gromyko, ‘Western Diplomacy versus Southern Africa’, International Affairs, March 1979, p. 20.
Gromyko, ‘Africa in the Strategy of Neo-colonialism’, op. cit.
Friedel Trappen/Ulbricht Weishauft, ‘Aktuelle Fragen des Kampfes un Nationale und Soziale befreung in sub-Saharischen Afrika’, Deutsche Aussenpolitik, 24:2, February 1979.
USSR and the Third World, 1976, p. 155.
E. Tabarin, The New Scramble for Africa, (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1974) p. 159.
Cited Stanley Uys, ‘Namibia: The Socialist Dilemma’, African Affairs, October 1982, p. 571.
Kulpolitika, 2 February 1978.
Peter Mandi, ‘Trade Perspectives between European CMEA Countries and Africa and the Middle East’, Economic Relations of Africa with the Socialist Countries Vol. I: Hungarian Contributions (Budapest: Institute for World Economics, 1978) pp. 35–41.
I. Dobozi, ‘Projected Trends of World Raw Material Markets’, op. cit., 21.
Ibid.
The Times, 17 October 1979.
Anatoly Gromyko, ‘African Realities and the “Conflict Strategy” Myth’, New Times, 51, December 1978, p. 51.
FBIS Monitoring, 23 June 1978.
See, for example, Klaus Willerding, ‘Zur Afrika-Politik der DDR’, Deutsche Aussenpolitik, 29:8, August 1979.
The Guardian, 11 January 1981.
K. Uralov, ‘The Acute Problem of Southern Africa’, International Affairs, 1977, p. 112.
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Coker, C. (1985). The Warsaw Pact and Southern Africa, 1974–83. In: NATO, The Warsaw Pact and Africa. Rusi Defence Studies Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-17884-1_8
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