Abstract
Colonised by Germany since about 1890, and governed by Britain after 1919 under mandate from the League of Nations, Tanzania won its independence in 1961. During the colonial period Tanzania (then Tanganyika and Zanzibar) had a mainly peasant economy, but through contact with industrial economies elsewhere had acquired some aspects of capitalism. Thus between 1920 and 1930 the economy witnessed a shift from predominantly peasant production to a plantation economy with the introduction of cash crops. There thus emerged a people employed on plantations — mainly sisal, coffee, rubber and groundnuts — forming a pioneer labour force which increased as the plantation economy expanded. The development of the cash economy initiated the growth of the export sector, and this in turn led to the expansion of communications and the emergence of other activities which all required labour. Between 1924 and 1935 plantation agriculture developed increasingly, as did the construction of railways and roads. By 1929 the railway line from Dar es Salaam to Tanga, built by the Germans in 1919, was extended to Moshi, and by 1934 the Tabora Kigoma line had extended to Manyoni, where coal deposits had been discovered. Similarly, between 1927 and 1938 road mileage had increased from 2650 to 12,000, penetrating areas suitable for the production of cotton, sisal, coffee and tea.
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Notes
Lal R. Patel, East African Labour Regimes: Kenya and Tanganyika (University of Dar es Salaam: Mimeo, 1972) p. 337.
Alfred Tandau, The History of T.F.L. and The Formation of N.U.T.A., translated by G. Kaunda (Dar es Salaam: Mwananchi Publishing Co., 1966).
J. K. Nyerere, Freedom and Unity (Oxford University Press, 1974), Ch. 28.
A. R. Heron, Why Men Work (Stanford University Press, 1948), pp. 121–22.
Jack Chernick, Adaptation and Innovation of Wage Payment System in Canada (Task Force on Labour Studies No. 5, Privy Council Office, Ottawa, 1968); ‘Human Adjustments to Industrial Conversion: A Canadian Experiment’, a paper prepared for the first Congress of International Industrial Relations Assembly, Geneva, 6th September 1967. (Author not indicated.);
George Schutz and Robert McKersie, ‘Stimulating Productivity: Choices, Problems and Shares’, British Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol. 5, No. 1 (March, 1967); B. L. Metzger, Profit Sharing in Perspective (Profit-sharing Research Foundation, Illinois, 1966), 2nd Ed;
National Trust, Study of Profit-sharing Plans in Canada (National Trust, Evaston, Toronto, 1965).
‘Workers’ Participation in Management in Poland’, International Institute for Labour Studies Bulletin, Vol. 5, p. 188–190. See also Jiri Kolaya, Workers’ Councils — The Yugoslav Experience, Tavistock Publications, The Trinity Press, London 1965.
And Ian Clegg, Self Management in Algeria, Penguin 1971.
Speech by David M. Perry, President of the National Association of Manufacturers (USA) in, Proceedings of the N.A.M. (1903) p. 17.
Tanganyika Parliamentary Debates, Hansard, June 1975.
J. K. Nyerere, ‘The Purpose is Man’, in Freedom and Socialism, (Oxford University Press, 1968), p. 325.
J. K. Nyerere, Ten Years of Independence (Dar es Salaam: Government Printers, 1971), p. 16.
Reprinted in J.K. Nyerere, Freedom and Development (Oxford University Press, 1973).
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© 1979 International Institute for Labour Studies
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Mihyo, P.B. (1979). Industrial Relations in Tanzania. In: Damachi, U.G., Seibel, H.D., Trachtman, L. (eds) Industrial Relations in Africa. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-16165-2_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-16165-2_7
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