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Calcium-Ganglioside Interactions and Modulation of Neuronal Functions

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Book cover Current Aspects of the Neurosciences

Abstract

In the nervous system communication between cells takes place in the form of electrically encoded and chemically supported processes between the presynaptic nerve fibre terminal of a ‘firing’ neuron and the postsynaptic region of a receiving cell. This process of neurotransmission is strictly dependent on calcium ions: a controlled calcium exchange between the extracellular space with a high Ca2+ concentration in the millimolar range ((1−5) × 103 m Ca2+) and the intracellular space with micromolar concentrations (10−7 m Ca2+) is considered to be essential for synaptic transmission which can be modulated in a complex form. With regard to this Florey (1981) and Osborne (1981) for the first time very clearly differentiated between the terms of ‘neurotransmission’ and ‘neuromodulation’. According to their definitions all substances are significant in the process of synaptic modulation which affect changes in the neuroplasm or in the neuronal membranes in a manner that parallels the interaction of a neurotransmitter and a neuroreceptor. In other words, all synaptic events, such as enzyme activation, transmitter storage and transmitter release mechanisms, ion channel and ion pump regulation, as well as the kinetics being involved in inactivation of the released transmitter and in its re-uptake by the presynapse, serve to modulate the impulse transmission and, thus, the transmission of information from one neuron to the next (for review, see Rahmann, 1983).

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  1. Institute of Zoology, University of Stuttgart-Hohenheim, D-7000 Stuttgart 70, Hohenheim, Germany

    Hinrich Rahmann

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  1. Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, University of Oxford, OX2 6AW, Oxford, UK

    Neville N. Osborne

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Rahmann, H. (1992). Calcium-Ganglioside Interactions and Modulation of Neuronal Functions. In: Osborne, N.N. (eds) Current Aspects of the Neurosciences. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12275-2_3

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