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Detection of HIV in Clinical Specimens

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Techniques in HIV Research

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Abstract

A 24 kilodalton protein (p24), immunologically distinct from proteins in most other retroviruses, has been demonstrated to be a major structural core component of HIV-1 [1-5]. Several studies have shown that there are changing patterns of HIV-1 p24 antigen and antibody during the progression of clinical disease [6,7]. Antigen is virtually undetectable and antibody is in excess during the early, asymptomatic stage [2-4,8-12]. The onset and progression of disease is preceded by a marked decrease in antibody, which is then followed by an increase in antigen [ibid.]. Although non-virus-associated protein can be present in both plasma and tissue culture supernatant, the measurement of p24 protein is an acceptable approximation to measure the amount of virus in fluids. The preparation of a mouse monoclonal antibody with high specificity and affinity for the viral p24 protein has allowed the development of an extremely sensitive ELISA for HIV-1 p24 core antigen as well as a highly specific test for the measurement of HIV-1 anti-p24 binding capacity. Different companies have developed p24 core antigen detection kits. We present here protocols adapted from the Du Pont p24 Core Profile ELISA.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA

    Robert H. Singer & Jeanne B. Lawrence

  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA

    Kevin Byron & John L. Sullivan

  3. Applied bioTechnology, Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA

    Sam Yin & Lynne Lederman

  4. Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Brian Conway

  5. Ottawa General Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

    Brian Conway

  6. Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA

    Anna Aldovini

Authors
  1. Robert H. Singer
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  2. Kevin Byron
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  3. Jeanne B. Lawrence
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  4. John L. Sullivan
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  5. Sam Yin
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  6. Lynne Lederman
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  7. Brian Conway
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  8. Anna Aldovini
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Anna Aldovini

  2. Infectious Disease Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Bruce D. Walker

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© 1990 Stockton Press

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Singer, R.H. et al. (1990). Detection of HIV in Clinical Specimens. In: Aldovini, A., Walker, B.D. (eds) Techniques in HIV Research. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11888-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11888-5_2

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-349-11890-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-349-11888-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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