Abstract
The ethnic situation in Rwanda is much like that in Burundi, with Hutu forming the bulk of the population and the Tutsi formerly serving as the aristocracy. In light of the Hutu/Tutsi conflict and the resultant Tutsi emigration, the Tutsi population is estimated at 10 percent at the end of 1979. We have adjusted the Tutsi and the total population estimates here to reflect this estimate. While we do not have official confirmation of the extent of Tutsi emigration, it is clear that a large number have left and the 1973 massacres of Tutsis have undoubtedly added to the problem even though recent government policy appears to be committed to resolving the inter-ethnic conflict. The Twa (Pygmies) represent less than one percent of the population.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
Clement, Joseph R. A. M. Essai de Bibliographie de Ruanda-Urundi. Usumbura: n.p., 1959.
Levesque, Albert. Contribution to the National Bibliography of Rwanda, 1965–1970. Boston, G.K. Hall, 1979.
General
Lemarchand, René. Rwanda and Burundi. New York: Praeger, 1970.
Office de l’Information et des Relations Publiques du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi. Ruanda-Urundi, Geography and History. Brussels: 1960.
U.S. Department of the Army. Area Handbook for Rwanda. Pamphlet No. 550–84. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1969.
Political
Chronique de Politique Étrangère. Decolonisation et Independence de Rwanda et du Burundi. Brussels: Institut Royal des Relations Internationales, 1963.
Codere, Helen. “Political Instability in Africa: The Case of Rwanda and Burundi.” Civilisations, 16 (1966): 307–337.
Lemarchand, René. “The Coup in Rwanda.” In Power and Protest in Black Africa, eds. Robert I. Rotberg and Ali Mazrui eds. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970.
Linden, I. Church and Revolution in Rwanda. Manchester, Manchester University Press, New York, Africana Publishing Co., 1977.
Weinstein, W. “Military Continuities in the Rwanda State.” Journal of Asian and African Studies, 12, 1–4, Jan.–Oct. 1977, pp. 48–56.
Economic
France. Ministere de la Cooperation Rwanda, donnees statistiques sur les activites culturelles et sociales. Paris, Le Service, 1975.
International Monetary Fund. “Rwanda.” In Surveys of African Economies, vol. 5. Washington, D.C.: I.M.F., 1973.
Leurquin, Philipe P. Agricultural Change in Ruanda-Urundi, 1945–1960. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Food Research Institute, 1963.
Social
d’Hertefelt, Marcel. “The Rwanda of Rwanda.” In Peoples of Africa, ed. James L. Gibbs, Jr., pp. 403–440. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1965.
Hanf, T., P. V. Dies, W. Mann, J. H. Wolff Education et Developpement au Rwanda. Munich: Weltforum Verlag, 1974.
Harrow, Jean Paul, et. at. Le Ruanda-Urundi: ses resources naturelles des populations. Brussels: Les Naturalists Belges, 1956.
Hewbury, M.C. “Ethnicity in Rwanda.” Africa, 48, 1, 1978, pp. 17–28.
Liege Universite. Foundation pour les recherces scientifiques au Congo Belge et au Rwanda-Urundi. Le probleme de l’enseignement dans le Ruanda-Urundi. Elizabethville: C.E.P.S.I., 1958.
Maquet, J. J. The Premise of Inequality in Ruanda: A Study of Political Relations in a Central African Kingdom. London: Oxford University Press, 1961.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 1989 Irvington Publishers, Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Morrison, D.G., Mitchell, R.C., Paden, J.N. (1989). Rwanda. In: Black Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11023-0_42
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11023-0_42
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-11025-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-11023-0
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social & Cultural Studies CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)