Abstract
In this chapter four overlapping phases of nurse-patient relationships will be considered. In order to recognize and study what happens in a nurse-patient relationship, it is helpful to delineate aspects of the total situation. While there appear to be four clearly discernible phases in the relationship—orientation, identification, exploitation, and resolution—these are to be thought of as interlocking. (See Fig. 3, p. 21.) Each phase is characterized by overlapping roles or functions in relation to health problems as nurse and patient learn to work co-operatively to resolve difficulties. Each phase defines tasks and roles required of the nurse in the situation. These four units can be recognized; they enter into every total nursing situation.
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Notes
Alfred H. Stanton and Morris S. Schwartz, “The Management of a Type of Institutional Participation in Mental Illness,” Psychiatry, Vol. XII, No. 1 (February, 1949), p. 18. An important paper that shows that disagreements between nurses that cannot be openly discussed are acted out in nursing situations and distort the nurse-patient relationship.
Nathaniel Cantor, Dynamics of Learning (Buffalo, New York, Foster and Stewart Publishing Corporation, 1946), p, 26.
See statement of Brock Chisolm (M.D.), Proceedings of the National Conference of Social Work, published for the National Conference of Social Work (New York, Columbia University Press, 1947), pp. 48–49.
For further identification of this problem see George S. Stevenson (M.D.), “Yardstick for Citizenship,” The Survey, Vol. LXXXV, No. 7 (July, 1949), p. 357.
See, for example: Samuel Z. Orgel, “Identification as a Socializing and Therapeutic Force,” American Journal Orthopsychiatry, 11: 118 (1941).
Helen Witmer, ed., Teaching Psychotherapeutic Medicine (New York, Commonwealth Fund, 1947). See papers by Dr. John M. Murray, pp. 89–90; by Dr. John Romano, p. 228; by Dr. Murray, p. 277; by Dr. Murray and Dr. Henry Brosin, p. 278.
Percival Symonds, The Dynamics of Human Adjustment (New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc., 1946), p. 320.
Witmer, op. cit., p. 68.
Witmer, op. cit., p. 228. See also A. P. Solomon, “Rehabilitation of Patients with Psychologically Protracted Convalescence,” Archives of Physical Therapy, 24:270–276 (1943).
Virginia M. Axeline and Carl R. Rogers, “A Teacher-Therapist Deals with a Handicapped Child,” The Journal of Abnormal and Special Psychology, Vol. 40, No. 2 (April, 1945), pp. 119–142. Case history of a child who failed to resolve his dependency needs in the hospital situation.
For a related biological concept see Robert Briffault, The Mothers (New York, The Macmillan Company, 1937), Vol. I, p. 86.
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© 1988 Hildegard E. Peplau
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Peplau, H.E. (1988). Phases of Nurse-patient Relationships. In: Interpersonal Relations in Nursing. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10109-2_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10109-2_2
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