Abstract
Simon Kuznets has shown that societies which are properly organised to develop and to absorb fundamental inventions, as well as to incorporate modern technologies into their economies, have a sound basis for a prosperous development. This law can be illustrated by the steam engine and the electrical motor, and is strikingly confirmed in the present era of microelectronics expansion. In this respect, the Pacific Basin countries exhibit a development interventionism which most explicitly pursues this principle.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
If we observe the technological development for a long period backwards, 1000 years for example, we can identify three main eras: During the era dominated by agricultural development, the principal source of wealth and power is land. During the period dominated by industrial development, the principal source of wealth and power is capital. In the contemporary period, the main development driving force is constituted by human resources and more particularly by intellectual resources. OECD, Meeting on Technological Innovation Policy and Development, Paris, October 1985; CT, PUMA/7/85.3 DSTI/SPR/85.41, Paris, 1985.
V. Tseng, “The Effects of Adjustment — Adjustment has costs but the costs of not adjusting may well be higher”, IMF and World Bank, Finance and Development, Volume 21, No. 4, December 1984.
Industry’s share in the generation of Yugoslavia’s GDP keeps growing, from 22.5 per cent in 1954 to 32 percent in 1969 and to 42 per cent in 1984; in recent years the growth of industry’s share is decelerating. (Statistical Yearbook of Yugoslavia 1984).
Data of the Institute for Economic Research research projects.
Exposé of the French Minister for Industry to the National parliament, “France’s Industrial Strategy”, p. 2, October 1983.
Yugoslavia consumes about twice as much energy per unit of GDP as for example Austria or FR Germany and more than six times as much as Switzerland. (World Bank,World Development Report,1985).
Along with Japan and the majority of developed economies, technological competitiveness is becoming increasingly more significant for breakthroughs in foreign markets for the majority of Pacific economies, such as Singapore and Korea.
Norway has about 13,000 small firms. According to the government programme, this country will modernise up to 1,000 such firms yearly. (OECD, Materials from the Conference on Technology Innovation Policies, Paris, 1985: Case Study Norway: The Norwegian Government’s Support Programme to stimulate the application of new and more advanced technology in small industrial companies).
V. Pertot, Ekonomika medjunarodne razmene Jugoslavije (Economics of International Trade of Yugoslavia), Informator, Zagreb 1971.
In 1971–1982, Yugoslavia was losing its market share in the EEC market by 2.93 per cent annually. (The Institute for Economic Research).
In the convertible currency markets, Yugoslav exports of final goods show unit values between 30 per cent and 80 per cent of those of similar exports from highly industrialised economies (calculated at the 5-digit level of the SITC which includes approximately 1.800 export items). (Institute for Economic Research Data Bases).
Of the 14 per cent unemployed in the total labour force, 70 per cent are younger than 30, and more than a half hold qualifications above elementary school. Besides, absolute social security for incapable managers and bad workers has started to be a serious economic handicap.
J. Naisbitt, Megatrends, Warner Books, New York 1983.
Federal Executive Council, “The Proposal of Measures and Activities to Implement the Tasks of the Long-term Programme of Economic Stabilisation”, Belgrade, 1985. The main goal of the Proposal is to reduce present distortions and income redistributions in the Yugoslav economy.
With moderate investment in modernisation and programme improvement, Yugoslavia could reduce its energy consumption by up to 20 per cent during the rest of the 1980s. ( Data from the Institute Joïef Stefan, Ljubljana and the Institute for Economic Research, Ljubljana. )
In Yugoslavia, only some 15 per cent of the total R & D personnel is directly employed in business firms, in comparison with 40–70 per cent in the industrialised countries.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Copyright information
© 1987 Wiener Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsvergleiche (WIIW) (The Vienna Institute for Comparative Economic Studies)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sočan, L. (1987). Federal Industrialisation Policies in Yugoslavia. In: Saunders, C.T. (eds) Industrial Policies and Structural Change. Vienna Institute for Comparative Economic Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09779-1_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09779-1_15
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-09781-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-349-09779-1
eBook Packages: Palgrave Economics & Finance CollectionEconomics and Finance (R0)