Skip to main content

Some Economic and Social Effects of Motor Vehicles in France since 1890

  • Chapter
The Economic and Social Effects of the Spread of Motor Vehicles

Abstract

Motor manufacturing generates much more employment outside the motor industry than in the motor works themselves. In France in 1984, for instance, only 215 000 people were directly employed in making motor vehicles while perhaps a further 1 900 000 were indirectly involved to a greater or less extent in one way or another. In all, this was approaching 10 per cent of the total French labour force, then 21 483 000. Those outside the motor factories worked in a whole spectrum of occupations stretching at one end from those employed as drivers (766 000, more than three times as many as those in the motor factories), 388 000 in garages and repair work, 315 000 in industries such as metals, rubber, plastics, paint and textiles supplying the motor manufacturers, 155 000 making components for them in outside businesses, 94 000 in insurance and hire-purchase, 80 000 in road-building and repair, round to (at the other end of the scale) 18 000 in driving schools and 7000 working as attendants on autoroutes and in car parks.1

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Notes

  • see C. Baudelot, R. Establet, J. Toiser, P. O. Flavigny, Qui travaille pour qui?, 2nd ed. (Paris: le livre de poche, 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  • C. W. Bishop, La France et l’automobile. Contribution française au développement économique et technique de l’automobilisme des origines à la deuxième guerre mondiale (Paris: Librairies techniques, 1971).

    Google Scholar 

  • P. Fridenson, Histoire des usines Renault, vol. I (Paris: le Seuil, 1972) pp. 24, 50.

    Google Scholar 

  • J. M. Laux, In First Gear: The French Automobile Industry to 1914 (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1976) pp. 107, 169, 204.

    Google Scholar 

  • J. A. Grégoire, 50 ans d’automobile (Paris: Flammarion, 1974) vol. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • F. Picard, L’épopée de Renault (Paris: Albin Michel, 1976) pp. 310–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Altshuler et al., The Future of the Automobile (London: Allen & Unwin, 1984) pp. 101–04.

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Hatry, Louis Renault patron absolu (Paris: Lafourcade, 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  • P. Fridenson, ‘French Automobile Marketing, 1890–1979’ in A. Okochi and K. Shimokawa (eds), Development of Mass Marketing (Tokyo: Tokyo University Press, 1981).

    Google Scholar 

  • F. Nordemann, Les Lieux de Vautomobile (Paris: Graphite, 1985).

    Google Scholar 

  • D. Burgess-Wise, Automobile Archaeology (Cambridge: Patrick Stephens, 1981) pp. 38–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Union Routière de France, La Circulation routiere Faits et chiffres (Issy: M.C.G., 1984) p. 5.

    Google Scholar 

  • G. Volpato, ‘Innovazione ed evoluzione della struttura de vendita nella commercializzazione dell’automobile’, Commercio, 18 (1984) pp. 53–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • J. M. Janailhac, La Vente et la réparation automobile (Paris: DAFSA, 1979).

    Google Scholar 

  • G. de Bonnafos, J. J. Chanaron, L. de Mautort, L’Industrie automobile (Paris: La Découverte, 1983) p. 92.

    Google Scholar 

  • O. Choquet and H. Valdelièvre, Acquisition et utilisation de l’automobile (Paris: INSEE, 1985) pp. 58–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Baillon, J. P. Ceron, La Société de l’éphémène (Grenoble: P.U.G., 1979).

    Google Scholar 

  • C. Zagrodzki, ‘L’Automobile et l’image publicitaire’ in L’Automobile et la publicité (Paris: Musée de la Publicité, 1984) p. 52.

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Jemain, Michelin (Paris: Calmann-Lévy, 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  • I. Bartfeld, L’Assurance obligatoire dans les Transports publics automobiles de voyageurs et de marchandises (Paris: Domat-Montchrestien, 1936) pp. 13, 27–30, 75–6, 96–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Institut National de la Consommation, Guide pratique de l Automobile et des 2 roues (Paris: Le Seuil, 1974) pp. 79–89, 91–9, 114–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • P. Laneyrie, Le Taxi dans la ville (Paris: Éditions du Champ Urbain, 1979) pp. 31–42, 60–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • J. Jones, The Politics of Transport in Twentieth-Century France (Kingston-Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1984) p. 22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambre Syndicale des Constructeurs d’Automobiles, L’Automobile en France (Paris: Riss, 1956) pp. 24–7, 56–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Jardin, P. Fleury, La Révolution de l’Autoroute (Paris: Fayard, 1973).

    Google Scholar 

  • J. P. Bardou, J. J. Chanaron, P. Fridenson, J. Laux, The Automobile Revolution (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1982) pp. 281–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • V. Breyer, L’Épopée automobile (Paris: Société Française des Automobiles Dunlop, 1943) pp. 17–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • L. Massenat-Deroche, L’Automobile aux États-Unis et en Angleterre (Paris: 1910).

    Google Scholar 

  • J. C. Chesnais, Les Morts violentes en France depuis 1826. Comparaisons internationales (Paris: P.U.F., 1976) pp. 146 and 151.

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Frybourg, R. Prud’homme, L’Avenir d’une centenaire: l’automobile (Lyon; P.U.L., 1984) pp. 56–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • M. B. Fuller, Note on auto sector policies (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Business School Case Services, 1982) p. 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • C. Rickard, Les Autoroutes (Paris: P.U.F., 1984).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 1987 Theo Barker

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Fridenson, P. (1987). Some Economic and Social Effects of Motor Vehicles in France since 1890. In: Barker, T. (eds) The Economic and Social Effects of the Spread of Motor Vehicles. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08624-5_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics