Skip to main content

Pathology of tremor

  • Chapter
Book cover Movement Disorders: Tremor

Abstract

Tremor is a dynamic state involving contraction and relaxation of muscles around a joint. It leaves no specific marker in the brain after death and there is as yet no ‘pathology’. In some conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease, the tremor is generated by structural alterations within the central nervous system; in others, such as enhanced physiological and essential tremors, such structural alterations have not been recognised. Since, as Oppenheimer (1976) states, in so-called extrapyramidal diseases ‘it is still not possible to account for individual symptoms such as tremor, rigidity or athetosis in terms of normal or abnormal function of a particular nucleus’, it is not possible to assess any particular structural lesion seen in the brain in terms of the contribution it made to the presence of the tremor.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adams, J. H. (1975). The neuropathology of head injury. In Vinken, P. J. and Bruyn, G. W. (eds), Handbook of Clinical Neurology, vol. 23, North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 35–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams, J. H. (1976). Virus diseases of the nervous system. In Blackwood, W. and Corsellis, J. A. N. (eds), Greenfield’s Neuropathology, 3rd edn, Edward Arnold, London, chap. 8, pp. 292–326.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adams, J. H., Beck, E. and Shenkin, A. M. (1974). Creutzfeld-Jakob disease. Further similarities with Kuru. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr., 37, 195–200.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Adams, R. D. (1968). Striato-nigral degenerations; and Acquired hepato-cellular degeneration. In Vinken, P. J. and Bruyn, G. W. (eds), Handbook of Clinical Neurology, vol. 6, North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 694–702 and 279–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen, I. V. (1981). The pathology of multiple sclerosis-fact, fiction and hypothesis. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol., 7, 169–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, I. V. and McKeown, S. R. (1979). A histological, histochemical and biochemical study of the macroscopically normal white matter in multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sci.. 41. 81–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Alvord, E. C. Jr (1968). The pathology of parkinsonism. In Minkler, J. (ed.), Pathology of the Nervous System, vol. 1, McGraw-Hill, New York, chap. 85, pp. 1152–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alvord, E. C. Jr, Forno, L. S., Kusske, J. A., Kauffman, R. J., Rhodes, J. S. and Goetowski, C. R. (1974). The pathology of parkinsonism: a comparison of degeneration in cerebral cortex and brain stem. Adv. Neurol. 5, 175–93.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andén, N. E., Fuxe, K., Hamberger, B. and Hokfelt, T. (1966). A quantitative study on the nigro-neostriatal dopamine neuron system in the rat. Acta Physiol. Scand.. 67. 306–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andrew, J., Fowler, C. J. and Harrison, M. J. G. (1982). Tremor after head injury and its treatment by stereotactic surgery. J. Neurol Neurosurg. Psychiatr., 45, 815–19.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bannister, R. and Oppenheimer, D. (1982). Parkinsonism, system degenerations and autonomic failure. In Marsden, C. D. and Fahn, S. (eds), Movement Disorders, Butterworth Scientific, London, chap. 11, pp. 174–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, E. and Bignami, A. (1968). Some neuroanatomical observations in cases with stereotactic lesions for the relief of parkinsonism. Brain, 91, 589–618.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, E., Daniel, P. M., Gadjusek, D. C. and Gibbs, C. J. Jr (1970). Subacute degeneration of the brain transmissible to experimental animals. A neuropathological evaluation. Proceedings of the VIIIth International Congress of Neuropathology, Masson, Paris, pp. 858–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Behrman, S., Carroll, J. D., Janota, I. and Mathews, W. B. (1969). Progressive supranuclear palsy, clinicopathological study of four cases. Brain, 92, 663–78.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bird, E. D. (1978). The brain in Huntington’s chorea. Editorial. Psychol. Med., 8, 357–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blackwood, W. (1981). Morbid anatomy. In Rose, F. C. and Capildeo, R. (eds), Research Progress in Parkinson’s Disease, Progress in Neurology Series, part 1, Pitman Medical, London, chap. 3, pp. 25–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borit, A., Rubinstein, L. J. and Urich, H. (1975). The striato-nigral degenerations. Putaminal pigments and nosology. Brain, 98, 101–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brodal, A. (1981). Neurological Anatomy in Relation to Clinical Medicine, 3rd edn, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brownell, B. and Hughes, J. T. (1962). The distribution of plaques in the cerebrum in multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr., 25, 315–20.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burns, J. (1978). Immunohistological methods and their application in the routine laboratory. In Anthony, P. P. and Woolf, N. (eds), Recent Advances in Histopathology, vol. 10, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, chap. 16, pp. 337–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cavanagh, J. B. (1972). Brain abnormalities in chronic liver disease. The Scientific Basis of Medicine, Annual Review1972, chap. XIII, pp. 238–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cavanagh, J. B. (1979). Metallic toxicity and the nervous system. In Smith, W. T. and Cavanagh, J. B. (eds), Recent Advances in Neuropathology, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp. 247–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cavanagh, J. B. and Kyu, M. H. (1971). Type II Alzheimer change experimentally produced in astrocytes in the rat; and On the mechanism of Type I Alzheimer abnormality in the nuclei of astrocytes. J. Neurol. Sci., 12, 63–75, 241–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, I. S. (1977). Neurosurgical treatment of dyskinesias. Clinical Neurosurgery: Proceedings of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons, vol. 24, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp. 367–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corsellis, J. A. N. (1976). Aging and the dementias. In Blackwood, W. and Corsellis, J. A. N. (eds), Greenfield’s Neuropathology, 3rd edn, Edward Arnold, London, pp. 796–848.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corsellis, J. A. N., Bruton, C. J. and Browne, D. F. (1973). The aftermath of boxing. Psychol. Med., 3, 270–303.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Critchley, M. (1929). Arteriosclerotic Parkinsonism. Brain, 52, 23–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Critchley, M. (1981). Arteriosclerotic pseudo-Parkinsonism. In Rose, F. and Capildeo, R. (eds), Research Progress in Parkinson’s Disease, Progress in Neurology Series, Pitman Medical, London, chap. 6, pp. 40–2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cuzner, M. L. (1980). Multiple sclerosis: biochemical and immunological changes. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol., 6, 405–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Daniel, P. M. (1972). Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. In Dick, G. (ed.), Host-Virus Reactions with Special Reference to Persistent Agents, J. Clin. Pathol., 25, Suppl. 6, 97–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dow, R. S. (1969). Cerebellar syndromes. In Vinken, P. J. and Bruyn, G. W. (eds), Handbook of Clinical Neurology, vol. 2, North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 392–431.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duffy, P. E. and Tennyson, V. M. (1965). Phase and electron microscope observations of Lewy bodies and melanin granules in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus in Parkinson’s disease. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 24, 398–414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ehringer, H. and Hornykiewicz, O. (1960). Verteilung von Noradrenalin und Dopamin (3-Hydroxytyramin) im Gehirn des Menschen und ihr Verhalten bei Erkrankungen des extrapyramidalen Systems. Klin. Wochenschr., 38, 1238–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Findley, L. J. and Gresty, M. A. (1981). Tremor. Br. J. Hosp. Med., 26, 16–32.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Forno, L. S. (1982). Pathology of Parkinson’s disease. In Marsden, C. D. and Fahn, S. (eds), Movement Disorders, Butterworth Scientific, London, chap. 3, pp. 25–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forno, L. S. and Alvord, E. C. Jr (1971). The pathology of Parkinsonism. In McDowell, F. H. and Markham, C. H. (eds), Recent Advances in Parkinson’s Disease, Parts I and II, Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, pp. 120–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenfield, J. G. (1963). Infectious diseases of the central nervous system; and System degenerations of the cerebellum, brain stem and spinal cord. In Blackwood, W., McMenemy, W. H., Meyer, A., Norman, R. M. and Russell, D. S. (eds), Greenfield’s Neuropathology, 2nd edn, Edward Arnold, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenfield, J. G. and Bosanquet, F. D. (1953). The brain stem lesion in Parkinsonism. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr., 16, 213–26.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harriman, D. G. F. (1966). The neuropathology of Parkinsonism. Br. J. Hosp. Med., 1, 17–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henson, R. A. and Urich, H. (1982). Cancer and the Nervous System: The Neurological Manifestations of Systemic Malignant Disease, Blackwell Scientific, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hersovits, E. and Blackwood, W. (1969). Essential (familial, hereditary) tremor. A case report. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr., 32, 509–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hirano, A., Kurland, L. T., Krooth, R. S. and Lessel, S. (1961a). Parkinsonismdementia complex, an endemic disease on the Island of Guam. 1: Clinical features. Brain, 84, 642–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hirano, A., Malamud, N. and Kurland, L. T. (1961b). Parkinsonism-dementia complex, an endemic disease on the Island of Guam. 2: Pathology. Brain, 84, 662–79.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holmes, G. (1904). Certain tremors in organic cerebral lesions. Brain, 27, 327–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hornykiewicz, O. (1982). Brain neurotransmitter changes in Parkinson’s disease. In Marsden, C. D. and Fahn, S. (eds), Movement Disorders, Butterworth Scientific, London, chap. 4, pp. 41–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunter, D. (1975). Diseases of Occupations, 5th edn, English Universities Press, London, chap. 5, p. 203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ikeda, K., Ikeda, S., Yoshimura, T., Kato, H. and Namba, M. (1978). Idiopathic Parkinsonism with Lewy type inclusions in the cerebral cortex. A case report. Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 40, 263–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iqbal, K., Wisniewski, H. M., Grundke-Iqbal, J. and Terry, R. D. (1977). Neurofibrillary pathology, an update. In Nandy, K. and Sherwin, I. (eds), The Aging Brain and Senile Dementia, Advances in Behavioural Biology, vol. 23, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 209–27.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Ishii, T. and Nakamura, Y. (1981). Distribution and ultrastructure of Alzheimer’s neurofibrillary tangles in post-encephalitic Parkinsonism of Economo type. Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 55, 59–62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janota, I. (1981). Pathology of dementia. In Anthony, P. P. and MacSween, R. N. M. (eds), Recent Advances in Histopathology, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, chap. 4, pp. 49–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klatzo, I. (1979). Cerebral oedema and ischaemia. In Smith, W. T. and Cavanagh, J. B. (eds), Recent Advances in Neuropathology, vol. 1, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, chap. 2, pp. 27–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kosoka, K. (1978). Lewy bodies in the cerebral cortex. Three cases. Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 42, 127–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kremer, M., Ritchie Russell, W. and Smyth, G. E. (1947). A midbrain syndrome following head injury. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr., 10, 49–60.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krnjevic, K. (1982). GABA and other transmitters. In Palay, S. L. and Chan-Palay, V. (eds), The Cerebellum-New Vistas, Exp. Brain Res. Suppl., Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lampert, P. W., Earle, K. M., Gibbs, C. J. and Gadjusek, D. C. (1969). Experimental Kuru encephalopathy in chimpanzees and spider monkeys. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 28, 353–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lange, H., Thomer, G., Hopf, A. and Schroeder, K. F. (1976). Morphometric studies of the neuropathological changes in choreatic diseases. J. Neurol. Sci., 28, 401–25.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lewy, F. H. (1912). Paralysis agitans. I. Pathologische Anatomie. In Lewandowsky, M. (ed.), Handbuch der Neurologie, Springer, Berlin, pp. 920–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipkin, L. E. (1959). Cytoplasmic inclusions in ganglion cells associated with Parkinsonian states, a neurocellular change. Studied in 53 cases and 206 controls. Am. J. Pathol., 35, 1117–33.

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McMenemy, W. H. (1966). The central nervous system. In Payling-Wright, G. and St. Clair Symmers, W. (eds), Systemic Pathology, vol. 2, 1st edn, Longmans, London, chap. 34, pp. 1200–2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsden, C. D. (1981). Extra-pyramidal diseases. In Davison, A. W. and Thompson, R. H. S. (eds), The Molecular Basis of Neuropathology, Edward Arnold, London, pp. 345–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsden, C. D. (1982). Neurotransmitters and CNS disease-basal ganglia disease. Lancet, 2, 1141–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, J. P. (1968). Wilson’s disease. In Vinken, P. J. and Bruyn, G. W. (eds), Handbook of Clinical Neurology, vol. 6, North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 173–217.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, J. P., Glasse, R. and Lindenbaum, S. (1968). Kuru and cannibalism. Lancet, 2, 449–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nashold, B. S. and Slaughter, D. G. (1969). Some observations on tremors. In Gillingham, F. J. L. and Donaldson, I. M. L. (eds), Third Symposium on Parkinson’s Disease, E. S. and S. Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp. 241–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Northfield, D. W. C. (1973). The Surgery of the Central Nervous System, Blackwell Scientific, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nurick, S., Blackwood, W. and Mair, W. G. P. (1972). Giant cell granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system. Brain, 95, 133–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okazaki, H., Lipkin, L. E. and Aronson, S. (1961). Diffuse intracytoplasmic ganglionic inclusions (Lewy type) associated with progressive dementia and quadraparesis in flexion. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 20, 237–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oppenheimer, D. R. (1976). Diseases of the basal ganglia, cerebellum and motor neurones; and Demyelinating diseases. In Blackwood, W. and Corsellis, J. A. N. (eds), Greenfield’s Neuropathology, 3rd edn, Edward Arnold, London, chaps 11 and 14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pakkenberg, H. (1963). The globus pallidus in parkinsonism. Acta Neuropathol. Scand., 4, Suppl., 139–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Palay, S. L. (1982). Current status of neuroanatomical research in the cerebellum. In Palay, S. L. and Chan Palay, V. (eds), The Cerebellum-New Vistas, Exp. Brain Res. Suppl., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 1–7.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Papworth, M. H. (1971). In Primer of Medicine, 3rd edn, Butterworths, London, p. 336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearce, G. W. (1979). The neuropathology of parkinsonism. In Smith, W. T. and Cavanagh, J. B. (eds), Recent Advances in Neuropathology, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, chap. 12, pp. 299–320.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perry, E. K., Tomlinson, B. E., Blessed, G., Bergman, K., Gibson, P. H. and Perry, R. H. (1978). Correlation of cholinergic abnormalities with senile plaques and mental scores in senile dementia. Br. Med. J., 2, 1457–9.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pentschew, A. (1966). Regrouping of extra-pyramidal diseases as suggested by manganese encephalopathy. J. Neurosurg., 24, 255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plum, B. and Hindfelt, B. (1976). The neurological complications of liver disease. In Vinken, P. J. and Bruyn, G. W. (eds), Handbook of Clinical Neurology, vol. 27, North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 349–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potvin, M., Finlayson, M. H., Hinchley, E. J. and Goresky, C. A. (1976). Macroscopic and electron microscopic studies of the blood-brain barrier in acute hepatic coma following hepatectomy. Gastroenterology, 71, 924.

    Google Scholar 

  • Powell, H. C., Landon, G. N. and Lampert, P. W. (1974). Neurofibrillary tangles in progressive supranuclear palsy. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 33, 98–106.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rail, D., Scholtz, C. and Swash, M. (1981). Post-encephalitic Parkinsonism: current experience. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr., 44, 670–6.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, E. H. (1968). Mental effects of anticonvulsants and folic acid metabolism. Brain, 91, 197–214.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rossor, M. N. (1982). Neurotransmitters and CNS disease. Dementia. Lancet, 2, 1200–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roy, S. and Wolman, L. (1969). Ultrastructural observations in parkinsonism. J. Pathol., 99, 39–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Selby, G. (1968). Parkinson’s disease. In Vinken, P. J. and Bruyn, G. W. (eds), Handbook of Clinical Neurology, vol. 6, North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 143–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sherlock, S. (1977). Hepatic encephalopathy. Br. J. Hosp. Med., 17, 144–59.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shoulson, I. (1982). Care of patients and families with Huntington’s disease. In Marsden, C. D. and Fahn, S. (eds), Movement Disorders, Butterworth Scientific, London, chap. 16, pp. 277–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, M. C. (1966). Pathological changes associated with stereotactic lesions in Parkinson’s disease. J. Neurosurg., 24, 257–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, W. T. (1976). Nutritional deficiencies and disorders. In Blackwood, W. and Corsellis, J. A. N. (eds), Greenfield’s Neuropathology, 3rd edn, Edward Arnold, London, chap. 5, pp. 194–232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snider, S. R. and Snider, R. S. (1982). Structural and functional relationship between the cerebellum and catecholamine systems. In Palay, S. L. and Chan Palay, V. (eds), The Cerebellum-New Vistas, Exp. Brain Res. Suppl., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 587–606.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Spokes, E. G., Bannister, R. and Oppenheimer, D. R. (1979). Multiple system atrophy with autonomic failure: clinical histological and neurochemical observations on four cases. J. Neurol. Sci., 43, 59–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stadlan, E. M., Davison, R. and Yahr, M. (1966). The pathology of Parkinsonism. In Luthy, F. and Bischoff, A. (eds), Proceedings of the 5th International Congress of Neuropathology, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp. 569–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strich, S. (1961). Shearing of nerve fibres, as a cause of brain damage due to head injury. Lancet, 2, 443–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tretiakoff, C. (1919). Contribution à l’étude de l’anatomie pathologique de locus niger de Soemmering avec quelques déductions relatives à la pathogenie des troubles du tonus musculaire et de la maladie de Parkinson. Thèse, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Urich, H. (1976). Diseases of peripheral nerves. In Blackwood, W. and Corsellis, J. A. N. (eds), Greenfield’s Neuropathology, 3rd edn, Edward Arnold, London, pp. 688–770.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weller, R. O., Swash, M., McLellan, D. C. and Scholtz, C. L. (1982). Clinical Neuropathology, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wisniewski, H. M., Coblentz, J. M. and Terry, R. D. (1972). Pick’s disease. A clinical and ultrastructural study. Arch. Neurol. (Chic.), 26, 97–108.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wisniewski, H., Terry, R. D. and Hirano, A. (1970). Neurofibrillary pathology. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol., 29, 163–76.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yagishita, S., Itoh, Y., Amano, N. and Nakano, T. (1980). Atypical senile dementia with widespread Lewy type inclusions in the cerebral cortex. Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.), 49, 187–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yahr, M. D. (1981). Introduction. In Rose, F. C. and Capildeo, R. (eds), Research Progress in Parkinson’s Disease, Progress in Neurology Series, Pitman Medical, London, pp. 3–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yates, P. O. (1976). Vascular disease of the central nervous system. In Blackwood, W. and Corsellis, J. A. N. (eds). Greenfield’s Neuropathology, 3rd edn, Edward Arnold, London, chap. 3, pp. 86–147.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 1984 Ann Marshall

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Marshall, A. (1984). Pathology of tremor. In: Findley, L.J., Capildeo, R. (eds) Movement Disorders: Tremor. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06757-2_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06757-2_6

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-349-06759-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-349-06757-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics