Abstract
The MARKAL model used in the International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy Systems Analysis Project is surveyed in this paper. MARKAL is a multiperiod, multi-objective linear programming model that represents a nation’s energy system. It includes new and conventional technologies, applies various policy and physical constraints and optimizes in accordance with some specific criteria (usually cost minimization). The cost-minimizing principle as a basis for a cooperative international strategy is also discussed. The trade-offs between system costs and oil imports for Sweden are outlined. Some results concerning the structural change in supply and demand technologies associated with these trade-offs are also reported.
The authors are indebted to Lars Bergman, Alf Carling, Tord Eng, Karl-Göran Mäler, Asa Sohlman, Lewis Taylor, Göran Östblom and an anonymous referee for many useful comments. Of course, the authors are responsible for any remaining errors.
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References
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© 1982 The Scandinavian Journal of Economics
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Bergendahl, PA., Bergström, C. (1982). Long-Term Oil Substitution—The IEA-Markal Model and Some Simulation Results for Sweden. In: Matthiessen, L. (eds) The Impact of Rising Oil Prices on the World Economy. Scandinavian Journal of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06361-1_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06361-1_7
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