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The Interactions of Daunomycin Adriamycin with Nucleic Acids

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Molecular Aspects of Anti-Cancer Drug Action

Part of the book series: Topics in Molecular and Structural Biology ((TMSB))

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Abstract

Daunomycin (NSC 82151, daunorubicin) (figure 1) and Adriamycin (NSC 123127, doxorubicin) are anthracycline anticancer antibiotics isolated from strains of Streptomyces peucetius. Both drugs are in current clinical use, the former being active mainly against acute lymphocytic leukaemia. Adriamycin has an exceptionally wide spectrum of antitumour activity (Goldin et al, 1981; Arcamone, 1981), having clinical applications in the treatment of a number of solid tumours as well as acute leukaemias. Both drugs produce severe dose-dependent cumulative cardiomyopathy in a high percentage of patients. Thus there has been continuing effort in many laboratories to develop analogues with reduced toxicity, and an improved spectrum of activity; to date well over 500 daunomycin derivatives have been examined. The supposition that DNA is the major cellular receptor for the drug’s action has provided rationalisations for many of these endeavours. (See Chapter 3 of this volume and the numerous reviews available for further information on the relationships between daunomycin modification, DNA binding and biological activity (Arcamone, 1978, 1981; Arlandini, Vigevani and Arcamone, 1980; Brown, 1978; Di Marco and Arcamone, 1975; Henry, 1976; Neidle, 1978, 1979).) This chapter is concerned with the interactions of the parent antibiotics with nucleic acids, an area which has undergone extensive development since it was last reviewed in detail (Neidle, 1978).

The molecular structures of daunomycin (R-H) and Adriamycin (R-OH).

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© 1983 The Contributors

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Neidle, S., Sanderson, M.R. (1983). The Interactions of Daunomycin Adriamycin with Nucleic Acids. In: Neidle, S., Waring, M.J. (eds) Molecular Aspects of Anti-Cancer Drug Action. Topics in Molecular and Structural Biology. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06010-8_2

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