Abstract
In Aimé Césaire’s reconstruction of Henry Christophe’s court in La Tragédie du Roi Christophe, the court poet Juste Chanlatte is made to recite the following ode to Haitian rum:
Quels doux roseaux dans ces plaines jaunissent!
J’entends au loin cent pressoirs qui gémissent.
Du jonc noueux le nectar exprimé
Brille à mes yeux, en sucre transformé1
[What sweet reeds ripen in the yellowing plains!
I hear in the distance the sigh of a hundred presses.
From the knotted stalk the nectar squeezed
Glitters before my eyes, transformed into sugar.]
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Notes
Aimé Césaire, La Tragédie du Roi Christophe (Paris: Présence Africaine, 1970) p. 54.
Quoted in Pradel Pompilus and Frères de l’instruction chrétienne, Manuel illustré d’histoire de la littérature haitienne (Port-au-Prince: Henri Deschamps, 1961) p. 11.
Le baron de Vastey, Réflexions sur une lettre de Mazères (Cap-Henry: imp. du roi, 1816) p. 53.
Emile Nau, Histoire des Caciques d’Haiti (Port-au-Prince: Panorama, 1963) Preface.
Pierre Chenet, Chants du barde glanés chez les Muses (Paris: Paul Dupont, 1846) p. 192.
Coriolan Ardouin, Poésies (Port-au-Prince: Etheart, 1881) p. 21.
Spenser St John, Hayti or the Black Republic (London: Frank Cass, 1971) Introduction, p. xi.
Preface to Paul Lochard’s Feuilles de chêne (Paris: Ateliers Haitiens, 1901).
See Aimé Césaire’s interview with René Dépestre, Casa de las Américas, no. 49, Aug, 1968, 141.
Tertulien Guilbaud, Feuilles au vent, (Paris: Leopold Cerf, 1888) p. 7.
Oswald Durand, Rires et Pleurs I (Port-au-Prince: Panorama, n.d. (original edn 1896) p. 111.
Jacques Roumain in La Revue Indigène, no. 3, Sept. 1927.
See comparison between ‘Idalina’ and Hugo’s ‘Sara la Baigneuse’ in Price-Mars’ De St Domingue à Haiti (Paris: Présence Africaine, 1959) pp. 20–30.
Massillon Coicou, Poésies Nationales (Paris: Goupy et Jourdan, 1892) p. 39.
José Mariategui, Seven Interpretive Essays on Peruvian Reality (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1974) p. 191.
La Ronde: a Revaluation
Etzer Vilaire, ‘Les Dix Hommes Noirs’, Poèmes de la Mort (Paris: Librairie Fischbacher, 1907).
See chapter 2 of Lilyan Kesteloot, Les écrivains noirs de langue francaise (Bruxelles: Université libre de Bruxelles, 1965).
Frédéric Marcelin, Autour de Deux Romans (Paris: Kugelman, 1903) pp. 5–6.
Stéphane Mallarmé, Oeuvres Complètes (Paris: Pléiade, 1945) p. 260.
Frantz Fanon, Toward the African Revolution (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970) p. 36.
Jorge Luis Borges, ‘The Argentine Writer and Tradition’, Labyrinths (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970) p. 215.
Etzer Vilaire, Nouveaux Poèmes (Paris: Albert Messein, 1919) p. 97.
Etzer Vilaire Années Tendres (Paris: Albert Messein, 1914) p. 201.
St Louis and Lubin, Panorama de la poésie haitienne (Port-au-Prince: Henri Deschamps, 1950) p. 190.
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© 1981 J. Michael Dash
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Dash, J.M. (1981). A Survey of the Nineteenth Century. In: Literature and Ideology in Haiti, 1915–1961. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-05670-5_1
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