Skip to main content

Validity of mortality statistics

  • Chapter
  • 18 Accesses

Abstract

An essential consideration in handling mortality statistics is the validity of the data. This chapter discusses a number of relevant points, and ends with some conclusions about the applications and limitations of the material that is presented in the tables.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abramson, J.H., Sacks, M.I., and Cahana, E. (1971). Death certificate data as an indication of the presence of certain common diseases at death. J. Chron. Dis., 24, 417–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acheson, E.D. (1972). The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Multiple Sclerosis, A Reappraisal, pp. 3–80 (eds. D. McAlpine, E.C. Lumsden and E.D. Acheson) 2nd edn. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Acheson, R.M. (1960). Mortality from cerebrovascular accidents and hypertension in the Republic of Ireland. Brit. J. Prev. Soc. Med., 14, 139–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Acheson, R.M., Nefzger, M.D. and Heyman, A. (1973). Mortality from stroke among veterans in Georgia and 5 Western states. J. Chron. Dis., 26, 405–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acheson, R. and Sanderson, C. (1978). Strokes: socialclass and geography. Population Trends, 12, 13–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adelstein, A.M. (1978). Death certification and epidemio-logical research. Brit. Med. J., 2, 1229–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agranoff, B.W. and Goldberg, D. (1974). Diet and the geographical distribution of multiple sclerosis. Lancet, 2, 1061–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alderson, M.R. (1965). The accuracy of certification of death, and the classification of the underlying cause of death from the death certification (MD thesis, London University).

    Google Scholar 

  • Alderson, M.R. (1974). Central Government Routine Health Statis-tics. Vol. 2 Review of UK Statistical Sources (ed. W.F. Maunder), Heinemann, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alderson, M.R. and Donnan, S. (1978). Hysterectomy rates and their influence upon mortality from carcinoma of the cervix. J. Epidem. Comm. Hlth., 32, 175–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, T.W. and Le Riche, W.H. (1970). Ischaemic heart disease and sudden death, 1901–61. Brit. J. Prey. Soc. Med., 24, 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Angtist, A. (1958). Certified cause of death — analysis and recommendations. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 166, 2148–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ash, J.E. (1915). The pathology of mistaken diagnoses in a hospital for advanced tuberculosis. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 64, 11–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aubenque, M., Damiani, P. and DeRuffe, L. (1978). La mortalité per cause en France de 1925 a 1974. J. de la Societé de Statistique de Paris., 3, 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Backett, E.M. (1965). Domestic accidents, Public Health Papers No. 26. World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barker, D.J.P. and Gardner, M.J. (1974). Distribution of Paget’s disease in England, Wales and Scotland and a possible relationship with Vitamin D deficiency in childhood. Brit. J. Prey. Soc. Med., 28, 226–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beadenkopf, W.G., Polan, A.K., Marks, R.U. and Tornatore, L.M. (1965). Some demographic characteristicsof an autopsied population. J. Chron. Dis., 18, 333–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benjamin, B. (1968). Health and Vital Statistics. Allen and Unwin, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benjamin, B. and Carrier, N.H. (1954). An evaluation of the quality of demographic statistics in England and Wales in Vol. 4 Proceedings of the World Population Conference, pp. 37–61, United Nations, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beral, V. (1976). Cardiovascular-disease mortality trends and oral contraceptive use in young women. Lancet, 2, 1047–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beral, V (1979). Reproductive mortality. Brit. Med. J., 2, 632–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bourke, G.H. and Hall, M.A. (1968). A study of some certified causes of death and age of the certifying doctor. J. Irish Med. Assoc., 61, 115–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brodrick, N. (1971). Report of the committee on death certification and coroners. Cmnd 4810. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bronte-Stewart, B. and Pickering, G.W. (1959). Cardiovascular diseases in Medical Surveys and Clinical Trials (ed. L.J. Witts), pp. 238–60, Oxford University Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brooke, E.M. and Atkinson, M. (1974). Ascertainment of deaths from suicide in Suicide and Attempted Suicide: Public Health Papers No. 58, pp. 15–70. World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, E.L. and Knox, E.G. (1972). Epidemiological approach to Parkinson’s disease. Lancet, 1, 974–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bunle, H. (1954). Le mouvement natural de la population dans le monde de 1906 à 1936. L’institut National d’etudes Demographiques, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nuren, G.H. van (1939). Some things you can’t prove by mortality statistics. US Bureau of Census: Vital Statistics Special Reports, 12, 195–210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cabot, R.C. (1912). Diagnostic pitfalls identified during a study of 3,000 autopsies. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 59, 2295–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cameron, H.M., McGoogan, E„ Clarke, J. and Wilson, B.A. (1977). Trends in hospital necropsy rates: Scotland 1961–74. Brit. Med. J., 1, 1577–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, C. and Whitfield, A.G.W. (1978). Death certification and epidemiological research. Brit. Med. J., 2, 1063–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, C. and Whitfield, A.G.W. (1979). Deaths from rhesus haemolytic disease in England and Wales in 1977; accuracy of records and assessment of anti-D prophylaxis. Brit. Med. J., 1, 1665–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clayton, D.G., Taylor, D. and Shaper, A.G. (1977). Trends in heart disease in England and Wales, 1950–1973. Health Trends, 9, 1–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coale, A.J. (1955). The population of the United States in 1950 classified by age, sex, and color — a revision ofcensus figures. J. Amer. Stat. Assoc., 50, 16–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, J. and Steinitz, R. (1969). Underlying and contributory causes of death of adult males in two districts. J. Chron. Dis., 22, 17–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, R, Stamler, J., Dyer, A. and Garside, D. (1978). The decline in mortality from coronary heart disease, USA, 1968–1975. J. Chron. Dis., 31, 709–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dean, G. (1979). Annual Report 1978, Medico-social research Board, Dublin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deporte, J.V. (1941). Mortality statistics and the physician. Amer. J. Publ. Hlth., 31, 1051–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deutscher, S., Robertson, W.B.C. and Smith, A.P. (1971). Age and sex trends in ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes. Brit. J. Prey. Soc. Med., 25, 84–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doan, B.D.H. (1974). World trends in medical power, 1950–70. World Hlth Stats. Rep., 27, 84–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dorn, H.F. and Horn, J.I. (1941). The reliability of certificates of death from cancer. Amer. J. Hyg., 34, 12–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, H.L. (1949). The doctor and the new international list of diseases and causes of death. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 140, 520–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, H.L. (1955). 1956 revisions of standard birth and death certificates. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 159, 1184–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, H.L. and Schaldey, W. (1944). Comparison of cause-of-death assignments by the 1929 and 1938 Revisions of the International Lists: Deaths in the United States, 1940. United States, Bureau of the Census. Vital Statistics–Special Reports 19: 155–277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duvoisin, R.C. and Yahr, M.D. (1972). Epidemiological approach to Parkinson’s disease. Lancet, 1, 1400–1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ehrlich, D., Li-Sik, M. and Modan, B. (1975). Some factors affecting the accuracy of cancer diagnosis. J. Chron. Dis., 28, 359–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Estok, S. (1978). Quality and uniformity of health manpower statistics. World Hlth. Stats. Rep., 31, 134–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farr, W. (1843). Causes of the high mortality in town districts, in 5th Annual Report of the Registrar General of Births, Marriages and Deaths in England, pp. 406–35. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farr, W. (1854). Letter to the Registrar General in 13thAnnual Report of the Registrar General of Births, Deaths and Marriages in England, p. 129. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Federici, N. de Sarno Prignano, A., Pasquali, P., Cariani, G. and Natale, M. (1976). Urban/rural differences in mortality, 1950–70. World Hlth. Stats. Rep., 29, 249–378.

    Google Scholar 

  • Federick, J. and Butler, N.R. (1972). Accuracy of registered causes of neonatal deaths in 1958. Brit. J. Prey. Soc. Med., 26, 101–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Florey, C. du V. and Kessner, D.M. (1968). Mortalitytrends of renal disease. Lancet, 1, 817.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florey, C. du V., Senter, M.G. and Acheson, R.M. (1969). A study of the validity of the diagnosis of stroke in mortality data. Amer. J. Epidem., 89, 15–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gau, G. (1977). The ultimate audit. Brit. Med. J., 1, 1580–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilliam, A.G. (1955). Trends of mortality attributed to carcinoma of the lung. Cancer, 8, 1130–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilliand, P. and Gallano, R. (1977). Outline on international comparison of public health, based on data collected by the World Health Organization. World Hlth Stats. Rep., 30, 227–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, I. (1959). The certification of death, with special reference to coronary disease (III). Medical Officer, 102, 237–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, I. (1967). The value of death certification (V). Medi-cal Officer, 117, 67–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwald, I. (1965). The significance of the increased mortality from exophthalmic goitre in Australia after 1923. Med. J. Aust., 1, 836–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwald, I. (1967). Studies of exophthalmic goitre, I, II, III. J. Chron. Dis., 20, 255–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenwald, I. (1968). Studies of exophthalmic goitre IV: GreatBritain 1919–64. J. Chron. Dis., 21, 483–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenwald, I. (1970). Studies of exophthalmic goitre, V. J.Chron. Dis., 22, 811–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenwald, I. (1973). Studies of exophthalmic goitre, VI. J.Chron. Dis., 26, 719–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, M. (1936). English death rates, past, present and future. J. Roy. Stat. Soc., 99, 674–707.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, M. (1948). Medical Statistics from Graunt to Farr.Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, M. and Wood, F. (1914). On changes in the recorded mortality from cancer and their possible interpretations. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 7, 119–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Griffith, W.G. (1978). Death certificates and epidemiological research. Brit. Med. J., 2, 1366.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guberan, E. (1979). Surprising decline of cardiovascular mortality in Switzerland: 1951–76. J. Epid. Comm. Hlth., 33, 114–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hamtoft, H. and Mosbech, J. (1968). Mortality trends of renal diseases. Lancet, 1, 751–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, H. and Susser, M. (1971). Historic trends in deaths from chronic kidney disease in the United States and Britain. Amer. J. Epid., 93, 413–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hare, E.H. (1972). Conquest of General Paralysis. Brit. Med. J., 2, 418.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heasman, M.A. (1962). Accuracy of death certification. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 55, 733–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heasman, M.A. and Lipworth, L. (1966). Accuracy of certification of cause of death. General Register Office Studies on Medical and Population Subjects No. 20. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrick, J.B. (1912). Clinical features of sudden obstruction of the coronary arteries. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 59, 2015–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hewitt, D. (1956). Mortality in the London boroughs, 1950–52 with special reference to respiratory disease. Brit. J. Prey. Soc. Med., 10, 45–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horwitz, O. and Palmer, C.E. (1964). Epidemiological basis of tuberculosis eradication. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org., 30, 609–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huber, M. (1926). Report on methods of issuing certificates of death and its causes. Bull Inst. Int. Statist., 22, 23–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Inman, W.H.W. and Adelstein, A.M. (1969). Rise and fall of asthma mortality in England and Wales in relation to use of pressurised aerosols. Lancet, 2, 279–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Isotalo, A. (1960). Medico-legal aspects of medical certification of cause of death. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org., 23, 811-811–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, H. (1896). An examination of one hundred cases of disease of the heart collected from the autopsy records Boston City Hospital. Boston Med. Surg. J., 134, 501–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson, P.H. (1948). Relative efficiency of open and confidential method of reporting cause of death. Amer. J. Publ. Hlth., 38, 789–807.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • James, G., Patton, R.E. and Heslin, A.S. (1955). Accuracy of cause of death statements on death certificates. Publ. Hlth. Rep. (Wash.), 70, 39–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Journal of American Medical Association (1914). Clinical diagnosis and necropsy findings in Bellevue. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 62, 1279–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Journal of American Medical Association (1965). What about the autopsy? J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 193, 172–3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kennaway, N.M. and Kennaway, E.L. (1936). A study of the incidence of cancer of the lung and larynx. J. Hyg. (Camb.), 36, 236–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kessner, D.M. and Florey, C. du V. (1967). Mortality trends for acute and chronic nephritis and infections of the kidney. Lancet, 2, 979–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krueger, D.E., Williams, J.L., Paffenbarger, R.S. (1967). Trends in death rates from cerebrovascular disease in Memphis, Tennessee, 1920–1960. J. Chron. Dis., 20, 129–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuller, L., Lilienfeld, A. and Fisher, R. (1967). Quality of death certificate diagnosis of arteriosclerotic heart disease. Public Hlth. Report, 82, 339–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kurland, L.T. and Moriyama, I.M. (1951). Certification of multiple sclerosis as a cause of death. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 145, 725–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laënnec, R.Y.H. (1819). A treatise on the diseases of the chest and on medical auscultation. (trans: J. Forbes,1830), Wood, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, P.M. (1973). Recent trends in meningococcal infection. Community Med., 129, 279–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, P.M. (1975). Hypertensive disease, study on mortality. Wld. Hlth. Stat. Rep., 28, 401–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lancet (1973). Endemic nephropathy. Lancet, 1, 472.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsson, T. (1967). Mortality from cerebrovascular disease. in Thule International Symposia on Stroke (eds. A. Engel and T. Larsson), pp. 15–40. Nordiska Bokhandelns, Stockholm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence, J.S., Laine, V.A.I. and de Graaff, R. (1961). The epidemiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Northern Europe. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 54, 454–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1924a), Kingdom of Netherlands — Statistical Handbook No. 1, League of Nations Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1924b). Kingdom of Belgium — Statistical Handbook No. 2, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1925a). England and Wales — Statistical Handbook No. 3, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1925b). Kingdom of Spain — Statistical Handbook No.4, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1925c). Republic of Austria — Statistical Handbook No. 5, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1926a). Scandinavian Countries and Baltic Repub-lics — Statistical Handbook No. 6, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1926b). Republic of Portugal — Statistical Handbook No. 7, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1927a). Republic of Czechoslovakia — Statistical Handbook No. 8, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1927b). French Republic — Statistical Handbook No.9, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1927c). Hungary — Statistical Handbook No. 10, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1928). Switzerland — Statistical Handbook No. 12, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1929a). Ireland — Statistical Handbook No. 11, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1929b). Scotland — Statistical Handbook No. 13, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • League of Nations (1930). Canada — Statistical Handbook No. 14, League of Nations Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, J.S. (1915). Diagnoses and certificates of death. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 65, 1441–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lilienfeld, A.M., Levin, M.L. and Kessler, I.I. (1972). Cancer in the United States, Harvard University Press,Cambridge, Mass.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Logan, W.P.O. (1963). Epidemiological studies of rheumatoid arthritis, EURO-213. 2/7. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacDonald, E.J. (1938). Accuracy of the cancer death records. Amer. J. Publ. Hlth., 28, 818–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKenzie, A. (1956). Diagnosis of cancer of lung and stomach. Brit. Med. J., 2, 204–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McMichael, J. (1979). French wine and death certificates. Lancet, 1, 1186–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Major, R.H. (1965). Classic descriptions of disease, 3rd edn. Thomas, Springfield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Major, R.H. (1969). National chronic respiratory diseasemortality study. J. Chron. Dis., 21, 737–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, J.P. (1972). Conquest of general paralysis. Brit. Med. J., 3, 159–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, W.J. (1956). A study of sex, age, and regional differences in the advantage of rural over urban mortality. Brit. J. Prey. Soc. Med., 10, 88–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mason, A.S., Meade, T.W., Lee, J.A.H. and Morris, J.N. (1968). Epidemiological and clinical picture of Addison’s disease. Lancet, 2, 744–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meade, T.W., Arie, T.H.D., Brewis, M., Bond, D.J. and Morgan, J.N. (1968). Recent history of ischaemic heart disease and duodenal ulcer in doctors. Brit. Med. J., 3, 701–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, R.A., Maisel, J.C., Dart, G.A. and Silvers, G.W. (1971). The accuracy of the death certificate in reporting cause of death in adults. Amer. Rev. Resp. Dis., 101, 844–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moriyama, I.M. (1956). Development of the present concept of cause of death. Amer. J. Publ. Hlth., 46, 436–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moriyama, I.M. (1966). The eighth revision of the InternationalClassification of Diseases. Amer. J. Publ. Hlth., 56, 1277–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moriyama, I.M., Baum, W.S., Haenszel, W.M., Mattison, B.F. (1958). Inquiry into diagnostic evidence supporting medical certifications of death. Amer. J. Publ. Hlth., 48, 1376–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moriyama, I.M. Dawber, T.R. and Kannel, W.B. (1966). Evaluation of diagnostic information supporting medical certification of deaths from cardiovascular disease in epidemiological approaches to the study of cancer and other chronic diseases. National Cancer Institute (Bethesda) US Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Washington DC. Monograph 19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, J.N. and Titmuss, R.M. (1944). Epidemiology of peptic ulcer—vital statistics. Lancet, 2, 841–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Netsky, M.G. and Miyaji, T. (1976). Prevalence of cerebral haemorrhage and thrombosis in Japan: study of the major causes of death. J. Chron. Dis., 29, 711–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newhouse, M.L. and Wagner, J.C. (1969). Validation of death certificates in asbestos workers. Brit. J. Indust. Med., 26, 302–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norman, L.G. (1962). Road traffic accidents. Public Health Papers No. 12. World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Office of Health Economics (1963). Pneumonia in decline. Office of Health Economics, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, R.G. and Hetzel, B.S. (1973). An analysis of recent trends in suicide rates in Australia. Int. J. Epidem., 2, 91–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pascua, M. (1947–8). Diversity of stillbirth definitions and some statistical repercussions. Epidemiological and Vital Statistics Report, 1, 210–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pascua, M. (1949). Evolution of mortality in Europe duringthe 20th century. Epidemiological and Vital Statistics Report, 2, 64–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pascua, M. (1950). Evolution of mortality in Europe duringthe 20th century. Epidemiological and Vital Statistics Report, 3, 30–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pohlen, K. and Emerson, H. (1942). Errors in clinical statements of causes of death. Amer. J. Publ. Hlth., 32, 251–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pohlen, K. and Emerson, H (1943). Errors in clinical statements ofcauses of death. Amer. J. Publ. Hlth., 33, 505–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pole, D.J., McCall, M.G., Reader, R. and Woodings, T. (1977). Incidence and mortality of acute myocardial infarctions in Perth, Western Australia. J. Chron. Dis., 30, 19–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Preston, S.H. (1976). Mortality Patterns in National Populations with Special Reference to Cause of Death, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preston, S.H., Keyfitz, N., Schoen, R. (1972). Causes of Death. Life Tables for National Populations, Seminar Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Puffer, R.R. and Griffith, W.G. (1967). Patterns of Urban Mortality, Pan American Health Organization, Washington.

    Google Scholar 

  • Puffer, R.R., Griffiths, G.W., Curiel, D. and Stocks, P. (1965). International collaborative research on mortality in Trends in the Study of Morbidity and Mortality, pp. 113–30. Public Health Papers No. 27. WHO, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Regional Office for Europe (1962). Mortality Statistics, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Regional Office for Europe (1972). Studies on chronic rheumatoid arthritis and their relation to rheumatic complaints as a public health problem. EURO 2133. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Registrar General (1957a). Cancer of the Lung. Statistical Review for England and Wales 1955, part III, Commentary, 134–42. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Registrar General (1957b). Genito-urinary diseases. Statistical Reviewfor England and Wales, 1955, part III Commentary, 150–60. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Registrar General (1958). Certification of cause of death. Statistical Review of England and Wales 1956, part HI, 182–92. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Registrar General (1967). Statistical Review of England and Walesfor 1965, part I, Tables, Medical, 428–9. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, D.D. and Rose, G.A. (1964). Assessing the compara-bility of mortality statistics. Brit. Med. J., 2, 1437–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robb-Smith, A.H.T. (1967). The Enigma of CoronaryHeart Disease, Lloyd-Duke, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robb-Smith, (1969). The eighth revision of the International Classification of Diseases, Health Trends, 1, 6–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenheim, M. (1968). Mortality trends of renal diseases. Lancet, 1, 299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schilling, R.S.F. (1966). Trawler fishing: an extremeoccupation. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 59, 405–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Springett, V.H. (1950). A comparative study of tubercu-losis mortality rates.J Hyg., 48, 361–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Springett, V.H. (1971). Tuberculosis control in Britain 1945–1970–1995, Tubercule, 52, 136 – 47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stocks, P. (1935). The effect of influenzal epidemics onthe certified causes of death. Lancet, 2, 286–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stocks, P. (1950). Fifty years of progress as shown by vitalstatistics. Brit. Med. J., 1, 54–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stocks, P. (1969). Heart disease mortality in cities of Latin America and in cities and regions of England and Wales. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org., 40, 409–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stowman, K. (1947–8). Downward trend of infant mortality persists. Epid. Vit. Stat. Rep., 1, 188–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Susser, M. (1967). Causes of peptic ulcer. J. Chronic Dis., 20, 435–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Susser, M. and Stein, Z. (1962). Civilisation and peptic ulcer. Lancet, 1, 115–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swartout, H.O. (1934). Ante-mortem and post-mortem diagnosis. New Engl. J. Med., 211, 539–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swartout, H.O. and Webster, R.G. (1940). To what degree are mortality statistics dependable ? Amer. J. Publ. Hlth., 30, 811–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thurber Fales, W. and Moriyama, I.M. (1949). International adoption of principles of morbidity and mortality classifications. Amer. J. Publ. Hlth., 39, 31–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tokuhata, G.K., Miller, W., Digon, E., and Hartman, T. (1975). Diabetes mellitus: an underestimated public health problem. J. Chron. Dis., 28, 23–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trapnell, J.E. and Duncan, E.H.L. (1975). Patterns of incidence in acute pancreatitis. Brit. Med. J., 2, 179–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trowell, H. (1974). Diabetes mellitus death rates in England and Wales 1920–70 and food supplies. Lancet, 2, 998–1002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turkel, H.W. (1955). Evaluating a medico-legal office. J. Amer. Med. Assoc., 158, 1485–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ueda, K., Omae, T., Hirota, Y., Takeshite, M., Hiyoshi, Y., Nakamura, Y. and Katsuki, S. (1976). Epidemiological and clinico-pathological study on renal disease observed in the autopsy cases in Hiayama population, Kyushu Island, Japan. J. Chron. Dis., 29, 159–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (1951). Development of statistics of causes of death, in Demographic Yearbook, 1951, pp. 18–26. United Nations, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (1952a). Accuracy tests for census age distribu-tions tabulated in five-year and ten-year groups. Pop. Bull., 2, 59–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (1952b). Demographic Yearbook, 1952. UnitedNations, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (1957). Migration in Demographic Yearbook, 1957,pp. 606–17. United Nations, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (1960). Demographic Yearbook, 1960. United Nations, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (1963). The situation and recent trends of mortal-ity in the world. Pop. Bull., 6, 1–145.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations (1971). Demographic Yearbook, 1971. UnitedNations, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • US Bureau for Census (1938). Classification of Joint Causes of Death. Vital Statistics–Special Reports, 5, 385–469.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ustvedt, H.J. and Olsen, E. (1977). Incidence of diabetes mellitus in Oslo, Norway, 1956–65. Brit. J. Prey. Soc. Med., 31, 251–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wald, N.J. and Mann, J.I. (1977). Deaths from ischaemic heart disease. Brit. Med. J., 2, 772–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waldron, H.A. and Vickerstaff, L. (1977). Intimations of quality: ante-mortem and post-mortem diagnosis. Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren, M.D. and Corfield, A. (1973). Mortality from diabetes. Lancet, 1, 1511–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waters, W.E. (1968a). Trends in mortality from nephritis and infections of the kidney in England and Wales. Lancet, 1, 241–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waters, W.E (1968b). Mortality trends of renal disease. Lancet, 1, 1091–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weatherall, J.A.C. and Haskey, J.C. (1976). Surveillanceof malformations. Brit. Med. Bull., 32, 39–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, N.A. (1978). Assessing the risks from menopausaloestrogen use. J. Chron. Dis., 31, 705–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wood, P.H.N. and Benn, R.T. (1972). Digest of data on the rheumatic diseases. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 31, 72–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Woolsey, T.D. and Moriyama, I.M. (1948). Statistical studies of heart disease II Important factors in heart disease mortality trends. Public Health Reports, 63, 1247–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1947). Problem of jointcauses of death. Final report of the US Committee on Joint Causes of Death. IC/MS/11, Rev. 2, World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1948). Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Cause of Death, vol. I and I I, World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1951a). Evaluation of mortality in the 20th century—diphtheria. Epid. Vit. Stats. Rep., 4, 92–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1951b). Evaluation of mortality in the 20th century—malaria. Epid. Vit. Stats. Rep., 4, 125–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1951c). Evaluation of mortality in the 20th century—typhus. Epid. Vit. Stats. Rep., 4, 133–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1952a). Medical certification of cause of death. World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1952b). Cancer mortality. Epid. Vit. Stats. Rep., 5, 1–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1952c). Cancer mortality—method. Epid. Vit.Stats. Rep., 6, 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1952d). Cancer mortality—Australia. Epid. Vit.Stats. Rep., 5, 117–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1952e). Cancer mortality—Italy. Epid. Vit. Stats.Rep., 5, 56–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1952f). Cancer mortality—Sweden. Epid. Vit.Stats. Rep., 5, 77–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1954a). Scarlet fever mortality. Epid. Vit. Stats.Rep., 7, 301–3.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1954b). Maternal mortality. Epid. Vit. Stats. Rep., 7, 37–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1955a). Mortality from malignant disease. Epid Vit. Stats. Rep., 8, 211–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1955b). Mortality from Hodgkin’s Disease. Epid.Vit. Stats. Rep., 8, 89–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1955c). Mortality from diabetes. Epid. Vit. Stats.Rep., 8, 467–512.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1955d). Mortality from epilepsy. Epid. Vit. Stats.Rep., 8, 169–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1955e). Deaths from ill-defined diseases. Epid.Vit. Stats. Rep., 8, 216 and 278–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1957). Accidents in childhood. Technical ReportSeries, No. 118. World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1967a). Epidemiological Methods in the Study of Chronic Diseases, Technical Report Series, No. 365. World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1967b). The accuracy and comparability of deathstatistics. WHO Chronicle, 21, 11–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1970). Programmes of analysis of mortality trendsand levels. Report of a joint UN/WHO meeting. Technical Report Series No. 440. World Health Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (1974). Methodology and application of lay re-porting of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. WHO/HS/Nat. Com./74. 323. WHO, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Copyright information

© 1981 Michael Alderson

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Alderson, M. (1981). Validity of mortality statistics. In: International Mortality Statistics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-03855-8_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics