Skip to main content

International Financial Institutions and Latin American Development

  • Chapter
Latin America in the International Economy

Part of the book series: International Economic Association Series ((IEA))

Abstract

Organisations of all kinds are now participating in the expanding system of international economic co-operation. The distinguishing feature of the financial institutions is that their output is more than verbal; for that reason they are often considered, and perhaps have become, the most effective mechanisms for multilateral collaboration. They are receiving and transmitting mechanisms, even though their members have conflicting interests, differing degrees of power, and substantial bilateral financial relations. As far as Latin American development is concerned, we might consider these international financial institutions to be not only independent variables, but also mechanisms shaped by the demands of that development.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Interestingly enough, White’s Plan was an outgrowth of the Inter-American Bank proposal considered by the Committee of the United States Senate in April 1941. See Robert W. Oliver, Early Plans for a World Bank, Princeton Studies in International Finance, No. 29 (Princeton, September 1971), pp. 3–4.

    Google Scholar 

  2. J. Keith Horsefield, The International Monetary Fund 1945–1965, Vol. I, Chronicle (I.M.F., Washington, D.C., 1969), p. 130.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Carlos Lleras Restrepo, Fondo Monetario Internacional, Banco de la Republica de Colombia (July 1945), pp. 3, 14, 31.

    Google Scholar 

  4. See Richard L. Maullin, The Colombia — IMF Disagreement of November—December 1966: An Interpretation of its Place in Colombian Politics, the Rand Corporation, RM 5314-RC (June 1967), especially pp. VI—VII, 21, 27.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Raid Prebisch, Change and Development, Latin America’s Great Task, Report submitted to the Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, D.C. (July 1970), pp. 8, 133.

    Google Scholar 

  6. I.M.F., ‘Statement on Financing Economic Development’, United Nations, Methods of Financing Economic Development in Underdeveloped Countries (Department of Economic Affairs, Lake Success, New York, 1949), pp. 103–4.

    Google Scholar 

  7. The Governor of Mexico on behalf of his Latin American colleagues, I.M.F., Summary Proceedings (1951), pp. 104–5.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Victor L. Urquidi, Trayectorio del mercado comtün latinoamericano (Estudios, C.E.M.L.A., 1960), pp. 36–8.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ernesto Samhaber, ‘Bretton Woods y América Latina’, Economia, Nos. 32–3, (Chile, trimestre de 1949), p. 105.

    Google Scholar 

  10. World Bank, I.D.A. and I.F.C., Policies and Operations (April 1968), p. 95.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Gustavo Lagos, The Political Role of Regional Economic Organizations in Latin America’, in Robert W. Cox (ed.), International Organization: World Politics (Macmillan, 1969), p. 62.

    Google Scholar 

  12. I.B.R.D., World Bank and IDA, Questions and Answers (September 1971), p. 78.

    Google Scholar 

  13. I.M.F., Press Conference of Pierre-Paul Schweitzer, Sheraton-Park Hotel, Washington, D.C. (25 September 1971), p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  14. See, for example, Robert S. McNamara, Address to the Board of Governors, Washington, D.C. (27 September 1971), pp. 21–2, 28.

    Google Scholar 

  15. For methodology and details see Inter-American Economic and Social Council, Analysis of the Economic and Social Evolution of Latin America since the Inception of the Alliance for Progress, C.I.E.S./1636 rev. 1 (3 August, 1971), pp. 117–21

    Google Scholar 

  16. A Vice-President of the World Bank also observed that ‘the Executive Directors have tended often to become as much the representatives of the Bank with their countries as they are representatives of their countries with the Bank’. Geoffrey M. Wilson, ‘World Bank Operations’, Finance and Development, Vol. I, No. 1 (June 1964), p. 17.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Jerome Levinson and Juan de Onis, The Alliance that Lost its Way (Quadrangle Books, Chicago, 1970), p. 328.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Stephen S. Rosenfeld, ‘Is U.S. “Using” the World Bank?’, The Washington Post (25 June 1971).

    Google Scholar 

  19. John Hugh Grimmings, Acting Assistant Secretary of State, remarked that ‘it is true that the United States sacrifices some of its sovereignty in an institution like the I.D.B.’. Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, Inter-American Development Bank Fund for Special Operations (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1971), p. 43.

    Google Scholar 

  20. See Andrew M. Kamarck, ‘Appraisal of Country Economic Performance’, I.B.R.D., Some Aspects of the Economic Philosophy of the World Bank, Seminar for Brazilian professors of economics in Rio de Janeiro, 1967 (Washington, D.C., September 1968), p. 10.

    Google Scholar 

  21. See John H. Adler, ‘Programming in the World Bank Group’, Finance and Development, No. 2 (1971), pp. 10–15.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Joseph Gold, The Stand-By Arrangements of the International Monetary Fund (I.M.F., Washington, D.C., 1970), p. 5.

    Google Scholar 

  23. See Joseph R. Slevin, ‘Less Developed Nations Fret at I.M.F. Credit Given Britain’, The Washington Post (2 January 1968).

    Google Scholar 

  24. See Alexandre Kafka, ‘Some Aspects of Latin America’s Financial Relations with the International Monetary Fund’, in Alberto Martinez Piedra (ed.), Socio-Economic Change in Latin America (Catholic University of America Press, Washington, D.C. (1970), pp. 96–7.

    Google Scholar 

  25. F. d’A. Collings, ‘Recent Progress in Latin America Towards Eliminating Exchange Restrictions’, I.M.F., Staff Papers, Vol. XII, No. 2 (July 1965), p. 279;

    Google Scholar 

  26. G. A. Costanzo, Programas de estabilizacidn en América Latina (Conferencias, C.E.M.L.A., Mexico, 1961), pp. 44–5.

    Google Scholar 

  27. I.M.F., ‘Foreign Policies and Procedures in Relation to Compensatory Financing of Commodity Fluctuations’, I.M.F., Staff Papers, Vol. III, No. 1 (1960), p. 24.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Charles B. Kindleberger, International Economics, Third Edition (Richard D. Irwin, Inc., Homewood, Illinois, 1963), p. 289.

    Google Scholar 

  29. See for example Banco Central de Costa Rica, ‘El problema de las divisas en Costa Rica y la intervention del Banco Central en la solution del mismo’, Memoria, Tercera Reunion de Técnicos de los Bancos Centrales del Continente Americano, tomo 1 (Banco Nacional de Cuba, Habana, 1952), p. 343.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Jorge Marshall, ‘Advance Deposits on Imports’, I.M.F., Staff Papers, Vol. VI, No. 2 (April 1958), pp. 240–1.

    Google Scholar 

  31. A. Birnbaum and Moeen A. Oureshi, ‘Advance Deposit Requirements for Imports’, I.M.F., Staff Papers, Vol. VIII (November 1960), p. 125.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Jorge del Canto, ‘El papel del Fondo Monetario Internacional en los esfuerzos de los paises latino americanos hacio la estabilizacibn’, Revista del Banco de la Republica, Vol. XXXII, No. 382 (August 1959), p. 934.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Edgardo A. Noya, ‘Antecedentes y medidas econbmicas de corto plazo del gobiemo uruguayo’, CEMLA, Boletln Mensual, Vol. XII, No. 7 (July 1966), pp. 323–4.

    Google Scholar 

  34. These and related aspects have been theoretically explored by Keith Griffin, ‘Foreign Capital, Domestic Savings and Economic Development’, Bulletin, Oxford University Institute of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 32, No. 2 (May 1970), pp. 99–112.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 1973 International Economic Association

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

König, W. (1973). International Financial Institutions and Latin American Development. In: Urquidi, V.L., Thorp, R. (eds) Latin America in the International Economy. International Economic Association Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-01728-7_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics