Abstract
Refractories. It is necessary first to discuss briefly the heat-resisting or refractory materials used in furnace construction, which are of considerable importance. They are mainly natural minerals in a fairly pure state, namely, fireclay (essentially kaolinite (A1203.2SiO2.2H2O) with excess silica or alumina), silica (in various forms), alumina, calcined magnesite and dolomite, chromite (Cr2O3. FeO) and graphite; although some are prepared synthetically, such as graphite, cokes, and silicon carbide which is made from coke and sand in electric furnaces. In certain instances metals are used.
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Additional Reading
An Outline of Metallurgical Practice, by C. R. Hayward. (Van Nostrand, 3rd edit., 1952).
Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, by J. L. Bray. (New York, Wiley; London, Chapman and Hall, 2nd edit., 1947).
Handbook of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, by D. M. Liddell (edit.). 2 vols. (2nd edit., McGraw-Hill, 1945).
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Copper, A. Butts (Edit.). (New York, Rheinhold; London, Chapman & Hall, 1954).
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Zinc: The Science and Technology of the Metal, Its Alloys, and Compounds, C. H. Mathewson (Edit.). (New York, Reinhold; London, Chapman and Hall, 1959).
Titanium Production, by J. J. Gray and A. Carter. Lectures, Monograph and Reports, 1958 No. 1. (Royal Inst. of Chemistry).
Uranium and Thorium, by L. Grainger. (Newnes, 1958).
Refractories, by F. H. Norton. (3rd edit., McGraw-Hill, 1949).
Fuel—Solid, Liquid and Gaseous, by J. S. S. Brame and J. G. King. (5th Ed., Arnold, 1955).
Applied Chemistry for Engineers, by E. S. Gyngell. (3rd edit., Arnold, 1960).
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© 1960 A. R. Bailey
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Bailey, A.R. (1960). Metal Winning: Production of Non-Ferrous Metals. In: A Text-Book of Metallurgy. Palgrave, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-00088-3_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-00088-3_9
Publisher Name: Palgrave, London
Print ISBN: 978-0-333-01218-5
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