Abstract
The importance of teaching about rape in war and genocide is intensified because that atrocity has become a strategy used intentionally by combatants to harm individuals and destroy communities. These utterly destructive atrocities cannot be curbed or prevented unless people are educated about them. Teaching about rape in war and genocide definitely needs to be done, but it cannot be done well apart from critical reflection about aims and assumptions, prospects and pitfalls. What hopes and expectations motivate teachers to enter this rugged terrain? Can teaching about rape in war and genocide help to curb or eliminate such atrocities? Questions such as these govern the reflections and suggestions about teaching in this chapter.
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Notes
Elizabeth Neuffer, The Key to My Neighbor’s House: Seeking Justice in Bosnia and Rwanda ( New York: Picador, 2001 ), 272.
On this point, see Carol Rittner and John K. Roth, eds. Rape: Weapon of War and Genocide (St. Paul, MN: Paragon House, 2012), viii–ix, 215–23.
See Anne Llewellyn Barstow, ed. War’s Dirty Secret: Rape, Prostitution, and Other Crimes Against Women ( Cleveland: Pilgrim Press, 2000 ).
Antony Beevor, “Introduction” in Anonymous, A Woman in Berlin: Eight Weeks in the Conquered City (New York: Henry Holt, 2005), xix.
See Caroline O. N. Moser and Fiona C. Clark, eds. Victims, Perpetrators or Actors? Gender, Armed Conflict and Political Violence ( London: Zed Books, 2001 ).
see R. Charli Carpenter, “Recognizing Gender-Based Violence against Civilian Men and Boys in Conflict Situations,” Security Dialogue 37, no. 1 (2006): 83–103
Amalendu Misram, The Landscape of Silence: Sexual Violence against Men in War ( London: Hurst, 2014 ).
On these points see Human Rights Watch, Shattered Lives: Sexual Violence During the Rwandan Genocide and Its Aftermath (New York: Human Rights Watch, 1996), 28
Sandesh Sivakumaran, “Sexual Violence against Men in Armed Conflict,” The European Journal of International Law 18, no. 2 (2007): 253–76.
See Human Rights Watch, Rape and Sexual Violence: Human Rights Law and Standards in the International Criminal Court ( New York: Human Rights Watch, 2011 ).
See Inger Skjelsbaek, The Elephant in the Room. An Overview of How Sexual Violence Came to Be Seen as a Weapon of War (Oslo: Peace Research Institute Oslo, 2010). This report to the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs is accessible at: http://www.peacewomen.org/assets/file/Resources/NGO/vas-sexualviolencewarweapon-prio-may2010.pdf.
See Maria Eriksson Baaz and Maria Stern, Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War? Perceptions, Prescriptions, Problems in the Congo and Beyond ( London: Zed Books, 2013 );
Dara Kay Cohen, Explaining Sexual Violence during Civil War ( Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2010 );
E. J. Wood, “Armed Groups and Sexual Violence: When Is Wartime Rape Rare?” Politics Society 37, no. 1 (2009): 131–62.
See Maria Eriksson Baaz and Maria Stern, “Why Do Soldiers Rape? Masculinity, Violence, and Sexuality in the Armed Forces in the Congo (DRC),” International Studies Quarterly 53, no. 2 (2009): 495–518.
See the discussion about Stathis N. Kalyvas, The Logic of Violence in Civil War (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2006) in Eriksson Baaz and Stern, Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War?
See the discussion about Randall Collins, Violence: A Micro-sociological Theory (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008) in Eriksson Baaz and Stern, Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War?
See Daniel Muñoz-Rojas and Jean-Jacques Frésard, The Roots of Behaviour in War: Understanding and Preventing IHL Violations ( Geneva: International Committee of the Red Cross, 2004 )
Ervin Staub, The Roots of Evil: The Origins of Genocide and Other Group Violence ( Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1989 ).
See Henry C. Theriault, “Repairing the Irreparable: ‘Impossible’ Harms and the Complexities of ‘Justice,’” in Prácticas Genocidas y Violencia Estatal: en Perspectiva Transdiscipinar, ed. José Luis Lanata (San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina: IIDyPCa-CONICET-UNRN, 2014 ), 204–05.
See Henry C. Theriault, “Rethinking Dehumanization in Genocide,” in The Armenian Genocide: Cultural and Ethical Legacies, ed. Richard Hovannisian (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 2007 ), 28–31.
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© 2016 Carol Rittner, Ernesto Verdeja, Elisa von Joeden-Forgey, Hugo Slim, Maria Eriksson Baaz, Maria Stern, and Henry C. Theriault
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Rittner, C. et al. (2016). Why Teach?. In: Rittner, C., Roth, J.K. (eds) Teaching about Rape in War and Genocide. Palgrave Pivot, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-49916-5_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-49916-5_2
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