Abstract
In the early months of the war a woman who signed herself “sad sweetheart” wrote to the “editoress” of a penny woman’s magazine that claimed to be the favorite paper of a million homes. “[W]e have been so happy until this dreadful war broke out, and my dear one is to join his regiment and go and fight,” the correspondent wrote. “I feel my heart will break, and as though I can’t let him go. I am certain he will never return to me. I am torn to pieces with grief and sadness. ... Tears come into my sweetheart’s eyes when I beg of him not to go, and this makes things harder for me to bear.”1 The editor, known to her readers for her sympathy, answered the letter in a conversational write-in column called “Heart to Heart Chats.” “Dear lassie,” she admonished, “I ... want to make you see how wrongly you are behaving. Instead of imploring your sweetheart to shirk his duty, you should have done your best to urge him to fulfill his duty in the spirit of a true British soldier. ... You could have done so much to uplift him and send him away with a heart full of hope and courage. ... Remember, dear, that although we women can’t go and fight for our country, there is much that we can do at home. One of the things is to cheer our dear ones—husbands, sweethearts, fathers, and brothers— and send them off to their calling with brave, noble hearts.”2
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Notes
Major Leonard Darwin, “On the Meaning of Honour” (London: The League of Honour, 1915), p. 5.
Anon, “The Kitchen is the Key to Victory”; Anon, “Don’t Waste Bread!” IWM Department of Art. In the words of the Win the War Cookery Book, “The British fighting line shifts and extends and now you are in it. The struggle is not only on land and sea; it is in your larder, your kitchen and your dining room. Every meal you serve is now literally a battle.” Martin Pugh, Women and the Women s Movement in Britain 1914–1959 (New York: Paragon House, 1993), p. 13.
For a comprehensive study of the wartime ideology of motherhood in Britain and France see, Susan R. Grayzel, Womens Identities at War: Gender, Motherhood, and Politics in Britain and France during the First World War (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999).
The Munitions of War Act of 1915 and the Munitions of War (Amendment) Act of 1916 both facilitated the process of “dilution” whereby skilled male workers could be replaced by unskilled female workers in essential war industries. See Trevor Wilson, The Myriad Faces of War (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1986), pp. 226–227.
Mary Gabrielle Collins, “Women at Munitions Making,” in Catherine Reilley, ed., Scars Upon My Heart: Women’s Poetry and Verse in the First World War (London: Virago Press, 1981), p. 24.
Robert Graves, Good-bye to All That (New York: Doubleday & Co, 1957), p. 229.
Mary Martindale, One Englishwoman to Another (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1918).
Allan Monkhouse, The Shamed Life, in War Plays (London: Constable & Co, 1916), p. 17.
Peter Simkins, Kitcheners Army: the Raising of the New Armies, 1914—1916 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1988), p. 123.
For a masterful account of the depth of bereavement, see Jay Winter, Sites of Memory, Sites of Mourning (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995).
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© 2002 Nicoletta F. Gullace
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Gullace, N.F. (2002). Redrawing the Boundaries of the Private Sphere. In: “The Blood of Our Sons”. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-04751-9_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-04751-9_4
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