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Neuroimaging of Brain Oscillations During Human Sleep

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Book cover Neuronal Oscillations of Wakefulness and Sleep

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Abstract

Sleep is not simply a state with a decreased level of consciousness. During sleep, the human brain exhibits a variety of neural activities across sleep stages. Functional neuroimaging studies have investigated these activities and identified their underlying neural networks in different stages of sleep. These studies have characterized neural activations related to major sleep oscillations such as sleep spindles and slow waves during non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep, as well as ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep. Neuroimaging thus identified structures possibly involved in the generation of phasic brain oscillations and provided insights into their importance in regulating sleep. Most notably, neuroimaging studies showed that neuronal oscillations of sleep regulate the interplay between the sleeping brain and external stimulations. Precisely, spindles preserve sleep by contributing to a gating process during which transmission of external auditory stimuli to the cortex is inhibited. In contrast, slow waves induced by external acoustic cues—K-complexes—are associated with enhanced processing of external information at the level of primary auditory cortex. Finally, recent neuroimaging studies have highlighted the role of spindles in sleep-dependent memory consolidation.

Ali Salimi and Aurore A. Perrault have contributed equally to this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Ali Salimi

  2. Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology and PERFORM Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Aurore A. Perrault & Thien Thanh Dang-Vu

  3. Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l’île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Aurore A. Perrault & Thien Thanh Dang-Vu

  4. Family Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Victoria Zhang

  5. Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Soufiane Boucetta

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  5. Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
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Correspondence to Thien Thanh Dang-Vu .

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  1. Department of Health Kinesiology and Applied Physiology Center for studies in Behavioral Neurobiology and PERFORM Center, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l’île-de-Montréal, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Thien Thanh Dang-Vu

  2. Department of Health Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, PERFORM Center, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada

    Richard Courtemanche

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Salimi, A., Perrault, A.A., Zhang, V., Boucetta, S., Dang-Vu, T.T. (2020). Neuroimaging of Brain Oscillations During Human Sleep. In: Dang-Vu, T., Courtemanche, R. (eds) Neuronal Oscillations of Wakefulness and Sleep. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0653-7_6

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