Abstract
The Netherlands is a small country in northwest Europe, lying on the border of the North Sea and facing England. Although its land area may be compared to that of countries such as Belgium and Switzerland, the country has a relatively large population of 16 million inhabitants, making the Netherlands the most densely populated country of the European Union. Ten per cent of the population belongs to an ethnic minority, with Surinam, Turkey and Morocco being the minority origins most represented. Other growing groups include people from Asia (China, Afghanistan, Iraq), Africa (Ghana, Somalia) and the former Yugoslavia. Most of them live in one of the four large cities; consequently, half of the people below age 15 belong to a minority group within those cities. The Dutch population is somewhat younger than those in the rest of the European Union, with the exception of Ireland. This statistic can be attributed to the high birth rate, which has resulted in a population growth of 6.4% since 1990, with a substantial percentage (19%) of that population being under the age of 15. This percentage is surpassed only by Ireland, where 23% of the population is below the age of 15 (Social and Cultural Planning Office, 2001). However, the youth population is declining: 1.5 million were aged 12–18 in 1980, while only about 1.1 million fell into this category in 2000.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
In the Netherlands these are first, second and third school classes in secondary schools.
- 2.
Muslim juveniles are an exception: they hardly drink any alcohol at all.
- 3.
Children who have difficulties following VMBO education can attend special classes where they receive individualized education. It is a form of special education within normal schools.
References
Adler, F. (1975). Sisters in Crime. New York: McGraw-Hill
Austin, R.L. (1993). Recent trends in official male and female crime rates: the convergence controversy. Journal of Criminal Justice, 21, 457–466
Caspi, A., Moffit T., Silva, P.A., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Kruger, R.F., and Schmutte, P.S. (1994). Are some people crime prone? Replications of personality-crime relationships across countries, gender, races and methods. Criminology, 32, 163–195
Chesney-Lind, M. (1989). Girls’ crime and women’s place: toward a feminist model of female delinquency. Crime and Delinquency, 35, 5–29
Chesney-Lind, M. and Paramore V.V. (2001). Are females getting more violent? Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 17, 142–166
Farrington, D.P. (2003). Key results from the first forty years of the Cambridge study in delinquent development. In: Thornberry T.P. and Krohn M.D. (Eds.), Taking Stock of Delinquency: An Overview of Findings from Contemporary Longitudinal Studies. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, pp. 137–183
Felson, M. (1998). Crime in Everyday Life: Insight and Implications for Society, 2nd ed.. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press
Franken, I.H.A. (2003). Drug craving and addiction: integrating psychological and neuropsychopharmacological approaches. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 27, 563–579
Gottfredson, M. and Hirschi, T. (1990). A General Theory of Crime. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press
Haan, W. de (1993). Beroving van voorbijgangers: Rapport van een onderzoek naar straatroof in 1991 in Amsterdam en Utrecht. Den Haag: Ministrie van Binnenlandse Zaken
Hindelang, M.J., Hirschi, T., and Weis, J.G. (1979). Correlates of delinquency: the illusion of discrepancy between self-report and official measures. American Sociological Review, 44, 995–1014
Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of Delinquency. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
Junger, M. and Stroebe, W. (2001). Delinquency, health behavior and health. British Journal of Health Psychology, 6, 103–120
Junger, M., West, R., and Timman, R. (2001). Crime and risk behavior in traffic: an example of cross-situational consistency. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 38, 439–459
Junger-Tas, J. and Haen Marshall, I. (1999). The self-report methodology in crime research. In: Tonry M. (Ed.), Crime and Justice: A Review of Research. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, Vol. 25, pp. 291–367
Junger-Tas, J., Haen Marshall, I., and Ribeaud, D. (2003a). Delinquency in an International Perspective: The International Self-Reported Delinquency Study (ISRD). Criminal Justice Press/Kugler Publications: Monsey, USA/The Hague, the Netherlands
Junger-Tas, J., Cruyff, M.J.L.F., Looij-Jansen, P.M.V.de, and Reelick, F. (2003b). Etnische minderheden en het belang van binding: een onderzoek naar antisociaal gedrag van jongeren. Vermande: SDU
Monshouwer, K., Dorsselear, S.van, Gorter, A., Verdurmen, J., and Vollebergh, W. (2004). Jeugd en riskant gedrag. Kenmerken uit het Peilstationsonderzoek 2003. Utrecht: Trimbos Instituut
Morash, M. and Rucker, L. (1989). An exploratory study of the connection of mother’s age at childbearing to her children’s delinquency in four data-sets. Crime and Delinquency, 35, 45–93
Muuss, R.E. (1980). Adolescent Behavior and Society. New York: Random House
Riley, D. and Shaw, M. (1985). Parental Supervision and Juvenile Delinquency (Home Office Research Study No. 83). London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office
Simon, R.J. (1975). The Contemporary Woman and Crime. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Mental Health
Smith, P.K., Morita, Y., Junger-Tas, J., Olweus, D., Catalano, R., and Slee, P.T. (1999). The Nature of School Bullying: A Cross-National Perspective. London: Routledge
Social and Cultural Planning Office (SCPO) (Ed.). (2001). The Netherlands in a European Perspective. The Hague: Social and Cultural Planning Office
Steffensmeier, D. (1993). National trends in female arrests, 1960–1990: assessment and recommendations for research. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 9, 411–441
Steketee, M., Mak, J., and Tierolf, B. (2007), Kinderen in tel Databoek 2007. Kinderrechten als basis voor lokaal jeugdbeleid. Utrecht: Verwey-Jonker Instituut
Thornberry, T.P. and Krohn, M.D. (2003). Taking Stock of Delinquency: An Overview of Findings from Contemporary Longitudinal Studies. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers
Tracy, P.E., Wolfgang, M.E., and Figlio, R.M. (1990). Delinquency Careers in Two Birth Cohorts. New York: Plenum
van Dijk, J.J.M. and Steinmetz, C.H.D. (1983). Victimization surveys: beyond measuring the volume of crime. Victimology, 8, 291–301
Warr, M. (2002). Companions in Crime: The Social Aspects of Criminal Conduct. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
Wells, L.E. and Rankin, J.H. (1991). Families and delinquency: a meta-analysis of the impact of broken homes. Social Problems, 38(1), 71–93
West, D.J. and Farrington, D.P. (1973). Who becomes Delinquent? Second Report of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development. London: Heinemann
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Junger-Tas, J., Steketee, M., Moll, M. (2010). The Netherlands. In: Junger-Tas, J., Marshall, I., Enzmann, D., Killias, M., Steketee, M., Gruszczynska, B. (eds) Juvenile Delinquency in Europe and Beyond. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-95982-5_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-95982-5_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-95981-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-95982-5
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawSocial Sciences (R0)