Skip to main content

Social Risk Factors

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Modern Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Part of the book series: Statistics for Biology and Health ((SBH))

  • 7702 Accesses

Abstract

Among risk factors for infectious diseases, social ones present a particular challenge due to the increasing importance of old and new infections on the one hand, and the complexity of social reality on the other. This is not a new phenomenon.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Acevedo-Garcia, D. (2000) Residential segregation and the epidemiology of infectious diseases . Soc. Sci. Med. 51, 1143–1161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Acevedo-Garcia, D. (2001) Zip code-level risk factors for tuberculosis: Neighborhood environment and residential segregation in New Jersey, 1985–1992. Am. J. Public Health 91, 734–741

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Badura, B. (2006) Social capital, social inequality, and the healthy organization. In: Noack, H. and Kahr-Gottlieb, D. (eds.), Promoting the public’s health. The EUPHA 2005 conference book, Verlag für Gesundheitsförderung, Gamburg, 53–60

    Google Scholar 

  • Bourdieu, P. (1979) La distinction. Editions de Minuit, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Cassel, J.(1976) The contribution of the social environment to host resistance. Am. J. Epidemiol. 104, 107–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Chandola, T. and Marmot, M. (2005) Social epidemiology. In: Ahrens, W. and Pigeot, I. (eds.), Handbook of Epidemiology. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 893–916

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, D. and Wermuth, N. (1996) Multivariate Dependencies: Models, Analysis and Interpretation. Chapman & Hall, London

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Dony, J.F., Ahmad, J. and Khen Tiong, Y. (2004) Epidemiology of tuberculosis and leprosy, Sabah, Malaysia. Tuberc. (Edinb.) 84 (1–2), 8–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira Antunes, J.L. and Alves Waldman, E. (2001) The impact of AIDS, immigration and housing overcrowding on tuberculosis deaths in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1994–1998. Soc. Sci. Med. 52, 1071–1080

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grassly, N.C., Fraser, F. and Garnett, G.P. (2005) Host immunity and synchronized epidemics of syphilis across the United States. Nature 433, 417–421

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Green, E.C., Halperin, D.T., Nantulya V. and Hogle, J.A. (2006) Uganda’s HIV prevention success: The role of sexual behavior change and the national response. AIDS Behav. 10 (4), 335–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hobdell, M.H., Oliveira, E.R., Bautista, R., Myburgh, N.G., Lalloo, R., Narendran, S. and Johnson, N.W. (2003) Oral diseases and socio-economic status (SES). Br. Dent. J. 194 (2), 91–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Justin, M. C., Wilson, M.L. and Allison, E.A. (2007) Analysis of social epidemiology research on infectious diseases: historical patterns and future opportunities. J. Epidemiol Community Health 61, 1021–1027

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kark, S.A. (1949) The social pathology of syphilis in Africans. S. Afr. Med. J. 23, 77–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Kistemann, T.h., Munzinger, A. and Dangendorf, F. (2002) Spatial patterns of tuberculosis incidence in Cologne (Germany). Soc. Sci. Med. 55, 7–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krickeberg, K. (2007) Principles of health information systems in developing countries. Health Inf. Manag. J. 36 (3), 8–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Krieger, N. (1994) Epidemiology and the web of causation: Has anyone seen the spider? Soc. Sci. Med. 39, 887–903

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krieger, N. (2001) Theories for social epidemiology in the 21st century: an ecosocial perspective. Internat. J. Epidemiol. 30, 668–677

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leibfried, S, and Tennstedt, F. (1980). Berufsverbote und Sozialpolitik 1933. Die Auswirkungen der nationalsozialistischen Machtergreifung auf die Krankenkassenverwaltung und die Kassenärzte. 2nd. Ed. Series: Arbeitspapiere des Forschungsschwerpunktes Reproduktionsrisiken, soziale Bewegungen und Sozialpolitik, University of Bremen, Bremen

    Google Scholar 

  • Levy, A., Fraser, D., Vardi, H. and Dagan, R. (1998) Hospitalizations for infectious diseases in Jewish and Bedouin children in southern Israel. Eur J Epidemiol 14 (2), 179–186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lurie, M., Williams, B.G., Zuma, K.D.K., Mkaya-Mwamburi, D. et al. (2003) Who infects whom? HIV-1 concordance and discordance among migrant and non-migrant couples in South Africa. AIDS 17 (15), 2245–2252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marmot, M.G., Smith, G.D., Stansfeld, S., Patel, C., North, F., Head, J., et al. (1991) Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study. Lancet 337(8754), 1387–1393

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marmot, M.G. and Wilkinson, R.G. (1999) Social Determinants of Health. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Mosse, M. and Tugendreich, G. (eds.), (1913) Krankheit und soziale Lage (Disease and social condition). Lehmanns, München. Reprinted 1981 WiSo Med, Göttingen, 3rd Ed.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, C.J.L., Lopez, A.D., and Mathers, C.D. (2004) The global epidemiology of infectious diseases. WHO global burden of disease and injury series 1, WHO, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Myer, L., Ehrlich, R.I. and Susser, E.S. (2004) Social epidemiology in South Africa. Epidemiol. Rev. 26, 112–123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DinhP.N., LongH.T., TienN.T.K., HienN.T., Mai Le T.Q., Phong LeH., Tuan LeV., Van TanH., NguyenN.B., Van TuP. and PhuongN.T.M. (2006) Risk factors for human infection with avian influenza A H5N1, Vietnam, 2004. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 12 (12), 1841–1847

    Google Scholar 

  • Poundstone, K.E., Strathdee, S.A. and Celentano, D.D. (2004) The social epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Epidemiol. Rev. 26, 22–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen, G. (1993) A history of public health. Expanded Edition. The John Hopkins Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Susser, M. (2001) Glossary: causality in public health science. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 55, 376–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tellez, M., Sohn, W., Burt, B.A. and Ismail, A.I. (2006) Assessment of the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and dental caries severity among low-income African-Americans: a multilevel approach. J. Public Health Dent. 66 (1), 30–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Virchow, R. (1848) Mittheilungen über die in Oberschlesien herrschende Typhusepidemie (Informations on the present typhoid fever epidemic in Upper Silesia). Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medizin II (1–2)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zahraoui-Mehadji, M., Baakrim, M.Z., Laraqui, S., Laraqui, O., El Kabouss, Y., Verger, C., Caubet, A. and Laraqui, C.H. (2004) Infectious risks associated with blood exposure for traditional barbers and their customers in Morocco [in French]. Santé 14 (4), 211–216

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Klaus Krickeberg .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Krickeberg, K., Klemperer, D. (2009). Social Risk Factors. In: Krämer, A., Kretzschmar, M., Krickeberg, K. (eds) Modern Infectious Disease Epidemiology. Statistics for Biology and Health. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-93835-6_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics