Abstract
For adequate development and functioning of the neonatal brain, sufficient oxygen (O2) should be available. With a fast sampling (fs ≫ 50 Hz) continuous wave NIRS device, arterial (SaO2) and venous (SvO2) saturation can be measured using the physiological fluctuations in the oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) and total hemoglobin (tHb) concentrations due to heart action and respiration. Before using this technique in a neonatal setting, the method was verified on adult volunteers (n=7) by decreasing inspired oxygen down to an arterial saturation of 70% using a pulse oximeter as reference. NIRS optodes were placed on the left forehead; the pulse oximeter sensor was placed on the right forehead. The experiments were repeated with different optode spacings.
SaO2 and SvO2 were determined using the ratio between the O2Hb and tHb value in the amplitude spectrum at the heart rate and respiration rate, respectively.
A good agreement between calculated SaO2 and reference SaO2 from pulse oximetry was found (bias range -3.5% to 5.2%, SD of the residuals 1.3% to 3.5%). Optode spacing of 15 mm yielded a negative bias compared to optode spacing of 45 mm. It was not always possible to calculate SvO2 because the respiration peak could not always be detected.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
K.M. White, Completing the hemodynamic picture : SvO2. Heart Lung. vol 14, pp 272-280 (1985).
W.N.J.M. Colier, M.C. van der Sluijs, J.J.M. Menssen, R.J.F. Houston, and B. Oeseburg, Validation of an algorithm to detect arterial saturation from a near infrared spectrophotometric signal. Presentation at SPIE BIOS ’99 San Jose (1999).
M.A. Franceschini, E. Gratton, and S. Fantini, Noninvasive optical method of measuring tissue and arterial saturation: an application to absolute pulse oximetry of the brain Opt Lett. vol 24, pp 829-831 (1999)
T.S. Leung, I. Tachtsidis, P. Velayuthan, C. Oliver, J.R. Henty, H. Jones, M. Smith, C.E. Elwell, and D.T. Delpy, Investigation of oxygen saturation derived from cardiac pulsations measured on de adult head using NIR spectroscopy Adv Exp Med Biol. vol 578, pp 209-215 (2006)
M.A. Franceschini, D.A. Boas, A. Zourabian, S.G. Diamond, S. Nadgir, D.W. Lin, J.B. Moore, and S. Fantini, Near-infrared spiroximetry: noninvasive measurements of venous saturation in piglets and human subjects, J. Applied Physiol. vol 92, pp 372-384 (2002)
T.S. Leung, M.M. Tisdall, I. Tachtsidis, M. Smith, D.T. Delpy, and C.E. Elwell, Cerebral tissue oxygen saturation calculated using low frequency haemoglobin oscillations measured by near infrared spectroscopy in adult ventilated patients. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2008 (in press)
D.W. Brown, D. Haensse, A. Bauschatz, and M. Wolf, NIRS Measurements of venous oxygen saturation. Adv Exp Med Biol. vol 578, pp 251-256 (2006)
M. Wolf, G. Duc, M. Keel, P. Niederer, K. von Siebenthal, and H.U. Bucher, Continuous noninvasive measurement of cerebral arterial and venous oxygen saturation at the bedside in mechanically ventilated neonates, Critical Care Medicine. vol 25, pp 1579-1582 (1997)
M.C. van der Sluijs, W.J.N.M. Colier, R.J.F. Houston, and B. Oeseburg, A new and highly sensitive continuous wave near infrared spectrophotometer with mutiple detectors, SPIE 3194: 6372 (1997)
Y. Wickramasinghe and P. Rolfe, Modified NIR coefficients taking into account the wavelength dependence of optical pathlength, in: Newsletter EC Concerted Action Near Infrared Spectrophotometry and Imaging of Biological Tissue, Issue 2, edited by J. Bancroft, Stoke on Trent (1993)
J.M. Bland and D.G. Altman, Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement, Lancet. vol 32, pp 307-310 (1986)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this paper
Cite this paper
Menssen, J., Colier, W., Hopman, J., Liem, D., de Korte, C. (2009). A Method to Calculate Arterial and Venous Saturation from Near Infrared Spectroscopy (Nirs). In: Liss, P., Hansell, P., Bruley, D.F., Harrison, D.K. (eds) Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXX. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 645. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85998-9_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85998-9_21
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-85997-2
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-85998-9
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)