Abstract
These articles are alarming. They warn that Earth is getting warmer and changes in the global climate are inevitable. The evidence of a global change in climate is mounting and the consensus is that humans are responsible through our profligate emission of so-called greenhouse gases. The authors of this book are not climatologists and are therefore not qualified to assert whether or not humanity is responsible for climate change. But as scientists, we can say that the body of evidence being put forth by climatologists asserting climate change seems credible. The theory that the change is being caused by human activity is almost as compelling and merits serious consideration and concern. Before we go further, we should describe what
Some say the world will end in fire, Some say in ice, From what I’ve tasted of desire I hold with those who favor fire.
Robert Frost, from “Fire and Ice”
Here are some recent headlines from articles about global warming:
Arctic Melting Fast; May Swamp U.S. Coasts by 2099 National Geographic News, November 9, 2004
2005 is Warmest Year on Record for Northern Hemisphere, Scientists Say USA Today, December 16, 2005
Study: Earth “Likely” Hottest in 2,000 years The Associated Press, June 22, 2006
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Further Reading
To learn more about the effects on climate from the variations in Earth’s orbit around the sun, see Milutin Milankovitch’s seminal 1930 paper on the topic, “Mathematical Climatology and the Astronomical Theory of Climate Change.” More information about Milankovitch is available in J.D. Macdougall’s book, Frozen Earth: The Once and Future Story of Ice Ages (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2004).
A comprehensive listing of the evidence supporting the reality of contemporary climate change can be found in K.E. Trenberth, P.D. Jones, P. Ambenje, et al., “Observations: Surface and Atmospheric Climate Change,” in S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, et al., eds. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007).
References
“Climate Change: Chinese Cave Speaks of a Fickle Sun Bringing Down Ancient Dynasties,” Richard A. Kerr, Science, 7 November 2008, 322: 837–838.
“Climate and the Collapse of Maya Civilization,” Gerald H. Haug, Detlef Günther, Larry C. Peterson, Daniel M. Sigman, Konrad A. Hughen, and Beat Aeschlimann, Science, 14 March 2003, 299: 1731–1735.
“Interdisciplinary Investigations of the End of the Norse Western Settlement in Greenland,” L.K. Barlow, J.P. Sadler, A.E.J. Ogilvie, P.C. Buckland, T. Amorosi, J.H. Ingimundarson, P. Skidmore, A.J. Dugmore and T.H. McGovern, The Holocene, 1997, 7: 489–499.
“Satellite Evidence for an Arctic Sea Ice Cover in Transformation,” Ola M. Johannessen, Elena V. Shalina, Martin W. Miles, Science, 3 December 1999, 286 (5446) 1937–1939.
“Global Scale Climate-Crop Yield Relationships and the Impacts of Recent Warming,” David B. Lobell and Christopher B. Field, 2007, Environ. Res. Lett. 2, 014002.
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Johnson, L., Matloff, G.L., Bangs, C. (2010). Climate Change. In: Paradise Regained. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79986-5_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79986-5_6
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