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Conversion of Cobinamide into Coenzyme B12

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Tetrapyrroles

Part of the book series: Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit ((MBIU))

Abstract

Cobamides are unique cyclic tetrapyrroles because their structures include an upper (Coβ) and a lower (Coα) axial ligand. The Coα and Coβ ligands are important for the interaction of the cobamide with enzymes, and for the chemistry of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. B12 (5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolylcobamide, cobalamin) is the best-known cobamide, which in its vitamin form has a cyano group as Coβ ligand, and in its coenzymic form it has a 5′-deoxyadenosine group as Coβ ligand (Fig. 1). In this chapter we review the current understanding of upper and lower ligand attachment to the ring macrocycle. Most of the knowledge reviewed here was obtained using bacterial systems; we add to the discussion recent work from our laboratory that uncovered variations in the conversion of cobinamide to B12 in archaea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, 6478 Microbial Sciences Building, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706-1521, USA

    Jorge C. Escalante-Semerena, Jesse D. Woodson, Nicole R. Buan & Carmen L. Zayas

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  1. Jorge C. Escalante-Semerena
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  2. Jesse D. Woodson
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  3. Nicole R. Buan
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  4. Carmen L. Zayas
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Correspondence to Jorge C. Escalante-Semerena .

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Escalante-Semerena, J.C., Woodson, J.D., Buan, N.R., Zayas, C.L. (2009). Conversion of Cobinamide into Coenzyme B12 . In: Tetrapyrroles. Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78518-9_19

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