Abstract
Strain sensors are fundamental building blocks in measurement of materials and structures. Conventional foil strain gages are based on macroscopic principles of bulk material deformation due to stress, and changes in the electrical resistance of deformed bulk metal geometries. Nanostructured strain sensors that operate based on very different physical principles may be envisioned. This chapter discusses such nanostructured strain sensor devices based on self-assembled Metal Rubber™ materials. The first part of the chapter reviews the background on self-assembly processing. The second part of the chapter discusses Metal Rubber™ manufacturing and Metal Rubber™ strain sensor operation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Langmuir, I., The constitution and fundamental properties of solids and liquids. II. Liquids. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1917. 39: pp. 1848–1906.
Langmuir, I., The mechanism of the surface phenomena of flotation. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1920. 15: pp. 62–74.
K. S. V. Instruments LTD, Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films, Application Note #117.
Hann, R. A., Molecular Structure Monolayer Properties, in Langmuir-Blodgett Films, ed. G. Roberts, 1990, Plenum Press.
Hamachi, I.; Noda, S.; Kunitake, T., Layered arrangement of oriented myoglobins in cast films of a phosphate bilayer membrane. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990. 112: pp. 6744–6745.
Prime, K. L.; Whitesides, G. M., Adsorption of proteins onto surfaces containing end-attached oligo(ethylene oxide): A model system using self-assembled monolayers. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993. 115: pp. 10714–10721.
Ventra, M. D.; Evoy, S.; Heflin, J. R. Jr., Introduction to Nanoscale Science and Technology, ed. M. D. Ventra; S. Evoy; J. R. Heflin Jr., 2004, Springer.
Decher, G.; Hong, J. D.; Schmitt, J., Buildup of ultrathin multilayer films by self-assembly process: III. Consecutively alternating adsorption of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes on charged surfaces. Thin Solid Films, 1992. 210–211: pp. 831–835.
Iler, R. K., Multilayers of colloidal particles. J. Colloid Inter. Sci , 1966. 21: pp. 569–594.
Liu, Y.; Claus, R. O., Layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembly of nanoscale Fe 3 O 4 particles and polyimide precursor on silicon and silica surfaces. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997. 71: pp. 2265–2267.
Wang, Y.-X.; Du, W.; Spillman, W. B., Jr.; Claus, R. O., Biocompatible thin film coatings fabricated using the electrostatic self-assembly process. Proc. SPIE, 2001: 4265: pp. 142–151.
Lvov, Y.; Decher, G.; Sukhorukov, G., Assembly of thin films by means of successive deposition of alternate layers of DNA and poly(allylamine). Macromolecules, 1993. 26: pp. 5396–5399.
Keller, S. W.; Kim, H.-N.; Mallouk, T. E., Layer-by-layer assembly of intercalation compounds and heterostructures on surfaces: Toward molecular “Beaker” epitaxy. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994. 116: pp. 8817–8818.
Feldheim, D. L.; Grabar, K. C.; Natan, M. J.; Mallouk, T. E., Electron transfer in self-assembled inorganic polyelectrolyte/metal nanoparticle heterostructures. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996. 118: pp. 7640–7641.
Liu, Y.; Wang, Y.; Y.-X.; Claus, R. O., Layer-by-layer ionic self-assembly of Au colloids into multilayer thin-films with bulk metal conductivity. Chem. Phys. Lett., 1998. 298: pp. 315–319.
Eckle, M.; Decher, G., Tuning the performance of layer-by-layer assembled by controlling the position of isolating clay barrier sheets. Nano Lett., 2001. 1: pp. 45–49.
Kunitake, T., Anisotropic incorporation of functional molecules and synthesis of low-dimensional clusters in cast multibilayer films. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 1994. 255: pp. 7–16.
Malmsten, M., Biopolymers at Interfaces, ed. M. Malmsten, 2003, Marcel Dekker, Inc.
Lvov, Y.; Decher, G.; Mohwald, H., Assembly, structural characterization, and thermal behavior of layer-by-layer deposited ultrathin films of poly(vinyl sulfate) and poly(allylamine). Langmuir, 1993. 9: pp. 481–486.
Schmitt, J.; Grunewald, T.; Decher, G.; Pershan, P. S.; Kjaer, K.; Losche, M., Internal structure of layer-by-layer adsorbed polyelectrolyte films: A neutron and X-ray reflectivity study. Macromolecules, 1993. 26: pp. 7058–7063.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jullian, C., Lalli, J., Davis, B., Claus, R. (2009). Nanostructured Flexible Materials: Metal Rubber™ Strain Sensors. In: Arregui, F. (eds) Sensors Based on Nanostructured Materials. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77753-5_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77753-5_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-77752-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-77753-5
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)