Skip to main content

The Peripheral Nervous System

  • Chapter
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound
  • 3963 Accesses

The advent of high-resolution ultrasound scanners has made possible the clear depiction of normal peripheral nerves. Ultrasound offers many advantages over magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with respect to imaging of the peripheral nerves. It is faster, less expensive, and offers significantly higher spatial resolution. It also offers the ability to perform a dynamic study to assess the relationships of a nerve to surrounding structures, such as muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Comparison with the contralateral asymptomatic side is also a significant advantage in using ultrasound for the demonstration of peripheral nerves.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Peer S. General considerations and technical concepts. In: Peer S, Bodner G (eds.). High Resolution Sonography of the Peripheral Nervous System, 1st ed., pp. 1–12. New York: Springer, 2003.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Gruber H, Kovacs P. Sonographic anatomy of the peripheral nervous system. In: Peer S, Bodner G (eds.). High Resolution Sonography of the Peripheral Nervous System, 1st ed., pp.13–36. New York: Springer, 2003.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Chiou HJ, Chou YH, Chiou SY et al. Peripheral nerve lesions: Role of high-resolution US. Radiographics 2003;23(6):e15.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Martinoli C, Bianchi S, Pugliese F et al. Sonography of entrapment neuropathies in the upper limb (wrist excluded). J Clin Ultrasound 2004;32:438–450.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Schafhalter-Zoppoth I, Gray AT. The musculocutaneous nerve: Ultrasound appearance for peripheral nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2005;30:385–390.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Lordan J, Rauh P, Spinner RJ. The clinical anatomy of the supracondylar spur and the ligament of Struthers. Clin Anat 2005;18:548–551.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. odner G, Buchberger W, Schocke M et al. Radial nerve palsy associated with humeral shaft fracture: Evaluation with US—-initial experience. Radiology 2001;219:811–816.

    Google Scholar 

  8. O’Driscoll SW, Horii E, Carmichael SW et al. The cubital tunnel and ulnar neuropathy. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1991;73:613–617.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Okamoto M, Abe M, Shirai H et al. Morphology and dynamics of the ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel. Observation by ultrasonography. J Hand Surg [Br] 2000;25:85–89.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Okamoto M, Abe M, Shirai H et al. Diagnostic ultrasonography of the ulnar nerve in cubital tunnel syndrome. J Hand Surg [Br] 2000;25:499–502.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Iannicelli E, Chianta GA, Salvini V et al. Evaluation of bifid median nerve with sonography and MR imaging. J Ultrasound Med 2000;19:481–485.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Propeck T, Quinn TJ, Jacobson JA et al. Sonography and MR imaging of bifid median nerve with anatomic and histologic correlation. AJR 2000;175:1721–1725.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Keles I, Karagulle Kendi AT et al. Diagnostic precision of ultrasonography in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2005;84:443–450.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Altinok T, Baysal O, Karakas HM et al. Ultrasonographic assessment of mild and moderate idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. Clin Radiol 2004;59:916–925.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Peeters EY, Nieboer KH, Osteaux MM. Sonography of the normal ulnar nerve at Guyon’s canal and of the common peroneal nerve dorsal to the fibular head. J Clin Ultrasound 2004;32:375–380.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Schwemmer U, Markus CK, Greim CA et al. Sonographic imaging of the sciatic nerve division in the popliteal fossa. Ultraschall Med 2005;26:496–500.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Schwemmer U, Markus CK, Greim CA et al. Sonographic imaging of the sciatic nerve and its division in the popliteal fossa in children. Paediatr Anaesth 2004;14:1005–1008.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Gruber H, Peer S, Kovacs P et al. The ultrasonographic appearance of the femoral nerve and cases of iatrogenic impairment. J Ultrasound Med 2003;22:163–172.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Mischkowski RA, Selbach I, Neugebauer J et al. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and iliac crest bone grafts—-anatomical and clinical considerations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006;35:366–372.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Kovacs P, Gruber H, Piegger J et al. New, simple, ultrasound-guided infiltration of the pudendal nerve: Ultrasonographic technique. Dis Colon Rectum 2001;44:1381–1385.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Havel PE, Ebraheim NA, Clark SE et al. Tibial nerve branching in the tarsal tunnel. Foot Ankle 1998;9:117–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Lau JT, Daniels TR. Tarsal tunnel syndrome: A review of the literature. Foot Ankle Int 1999;20:201–209.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Zanetti M, Strehle JK, Zollinger H et al. Morton neuroma and fluid in the intermetatarsal bursae on MR images of 70 asymptomatic volunteers. Radiology 1997;203:516–520.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Harish, S. (2008). The Peripheral Nervous System. In: O’Neill, J.M. (eds) Musculoskeletal Ultrasound. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76610-2_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-76610-2_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-76609-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-76610-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics