The majority of techniques applicable for manufacturing net shape components from metals and their alloys, in principle, could be classified into two conventional routes restricted to either the solid or liquid state. The liquid state methods involve casting with a variety of modifications: gravity, high-pressure die casting, squeeze casting, etc. In contrast, the solid-state techniques require generally multi step operations following casting, such as homogenization of chemistry, hot working, cold working, forming, machining and eventually heat treatment. As a result, the properties of wrought components are predominantly superior to castings. The number of manufacturing steps and their complexity, however, contributes to a significantly higher cost of the final product. The economy factor represents the downside of many non-conventional manufacturing techniques, e.g., powder metallurgy. Thus, there is a continuous quest for a technology that would allow reducing cost and at the same time improving the properties.
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Czerwinski, F. (2008). Semisolid Processing—Origin of Magnesium Molding. In: Magnesium Injection Molding. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72528-4_2
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