Abstract
The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) presents an annual assessment of the national level of ‘early-stage’ entrepreneurial activity and the institutional conditions to which it is subject in a large number of countries. Within the framework of GEM a TEA (Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity) index has been developed to measure (early-stage) entrepreneurial activity. Next to this TEA index, the GEM also provides an indicator for the prevalence of export-oriented entrepreneurs within countries. This chapter presents an example of an empirical analysis using macro-level GEM data for 36 countries. More specifically, this chapter investigates whether the presence of export-oriented entrepreneurs is a more important determinant of economic growth than entrepreneurial activity in general. Our results suggest that export-oriented entrepreneurship is indeed more important for achieving high economic growth rates than entrepreneurial activity in general.
JEL-classification: F23, L25, L26, O47, O57
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Hessels, J., Stel, A.v. (2008). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and Entrepreneurs’ Export Orientation. In: Congregado, E. (eds) Measuring Entrepreneurship. International Studies In Entrepreneurship, vol 16. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72288-7_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72288-7_13
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