More than three decades ago, indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) was introduced into ophthalmology. The relatively poor fluorescence efficiency of the indocyanine green (ICG) molecule and its limited ability to produce high-resolution images on infrared film initially restricted its angiographic application; however, ICG has subsequently been found to have several advantages over sodium fluorescein, especially in imaging choroidal vasculature. The emergence of high-resolution infrared digital imaging systems, specifically designed for ICGA and a growing awareness of choroidal vascular lesions has led to a resurgence of interest in ICGA.1 The applications of ICGA continue to grow in number; the full extent of its capabilities is not yet known.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Guyer DR, Puliafito CP, Mones JM, et al. Digital indocyanine green angiography in chorioretinal disorders. Ophthalmology 1992;99:287–291.
Kogure K, Choromokos E. Infrared absorption angiography. J Appl Physiol 1969;26:154–157.
Hochheimer BF. Angiography of the retina with indocyanine green. Arch Ophthalmol 1971;86:564–565.
Flower RW, Hochheimer BF. Letter to the editor: clinical infrared absorption angiography of the choroid. Am J Ophthalmol 1972;73:458–459.
Flower RW. Infrared absorption angiography of the choroid and some observations on the effects of high intraocular pressures. Am J Ophthalmol 1972;74:600–614.
Hayashi K, Hasegawa Y, Tokoro T. Indocyanine green angiography of central serous chorioretinopathy. Int Ophthalmol 1986;9:37–41.
Destro M, Puliafito CA. Indocyanine green videoangiography of choroidal neovascularization. Ophthalmology 1989;96: 846–853.
Scheider A, Schroedel C. High resolution indocyanine green angiography with scanning laser ophthalmolscope. Am J Ophthalmol 1989;108:458–459.
Yannuzzi LA, Slakter JS, Sorenson JA, et al. Digital indocyanine green videoangiography and choroidal neovascularization. Retina 1992;12:191–223.
Spaide RF, Orlock DA, Herman-Delamazure B, et al. Wide-angle indocyanine green angiography. Retina 1998;18:44–49.
Spaide RF, Orlock DA, Yannuzzi LA, et al. Digital subtraction indocyanine angiography of occult choroidal neovascularization. Ophthalmology 1998;105:680–688.
Teschner S, Noack J, Birngruber R, Schmidt-Erfurth U. Characterization of leakage activity in exudative chorioretinal disease with three-dimensional confocal angiography. Ophthalmology 2003;110:687–697.
Macular Photocoagulation Study Group. Occult choroidal neovascularization. Influence on visual out come in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 1996;114:400–412.
Patz A, Flower RW, Klein ML, Orth DH, Fleishman JA, MacLeod D. Clinical applications of indocyanine green angiography. Doc Ophthalmol Proc Series 1976;9:245–251.
Bischoff PR, Flower RW. Ten years experience with choroidal angiography using indocyanine green dye: a new routine examination or an epilogue? Doc Ophthalmol 1985;60:235–291.
Guyer DR, Yannuzzi LA, Slakter JS, et al. Classification of choroidal neovascularization by digital indocyanine green videoangiography. Ophthalmology 1996;103:2054–2060.
Slakter, JS, Yannuzzi, LA, Sorenson, JA, et al. A pilot study of indocyanine green videoangiography-guided laser photocoagulation of occult choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 1994;112:465–472.
Freund KB, Yannuzzi LA, Sorenson JA, et al. Age-related macular degeneration and choroidal neovascularization. Am J Ophthalmol 1993;115:786–791.
Staurenghi G, Orzalesi N, La Capria A, Aschero M. Laser treatment of feeder vessels in subfoveal choroidal neovascular membranes: a revisitation using dynamic indocyanine green angiography. Ophthalmology 1998;105:2297–2305.
Howe LJ, Stanford MR, Graham EM, Marshall J. Choroidal abnormalities in birdshot chorioretinopathy: an indocyanine green angiography study. Eye 1997;11:554–559.
Slakter JS, Giovannini A, Yannuzzi LA, et al. Indocyanine green angiography of multifocal choroiditis. Ophthalmology 1997;104:1813–1819.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer Science + Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Klais, C.M., Ober, M.D., Yannuzzi, L.A. (2009). Indocyanine Green Angiography: General Aspects and Interpretation. In: Arevalo, J.F. (eds) Retinal Angiography and Optical Coherence Tomography. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68987-6_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68987-6_3
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-68986-9
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-68987-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)