A wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of small and inexpensive smart sensors for many monitoring, surveillance and control applications. Each sensor makes its own local observation. All active sensors in the network coordinate to provide a global view of the monitored area. It is anticipated that such a network can be used in unattended environments or hostile physical locations. Applications include habitat monitoring, infrastructure surveillance, target tracking in tactical environments, etc.
Almost all these applications require sensors to be aware of their physical locations. For example, the physical positions should be reported together with the corresponding observations in wildlife tracking, weather monitoring, location-based authentication, etc. Location information can also be used to facilitate network functions such as packet routing and collaborative signal processing, in which the complexity and processing overhead can be substantially reduced. Further, each node can be uniquely identified with its position, thus exempting the difficulty of assigning a unique ID before deployment.
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Liu, F., Cheng, X., Hua, D., Chen, D. (2008). TPSS: A Time-based Positioning Scheme for Sensor Networks with Short Range Beacons. In: Li, Y., Thai, M.T., Wu, W. (eds) Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications. Signals and Communication Technology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-49592-7_7
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